Anatomy - Shoulder Joint Complex

Question 1

Name the bones of the Shoulder Joint Complex

Answer 1

1. Clavicle
2. Scapula
3. Humerus

Question 2

Name the joints of the Shoulder Joint Complex

Answer 2

1. Sternoclavicular Joint
2. Acromioclavicular Joint
3. Scapulothoracic (ST) Joint
4. Glenohumeral Joint

Question 3

Name the 2 muscles that attach the Axial skeleton to the Humerus;

Answer 3

1. Pectoralis major (sternal head) = front under-arm muscle.

2. Latissimus dorsi = rear under-arm muscle.

Question 4

Name the 7 muscles that connect the Axial skeleton and the shoulder girdle:

Answer 4

1. Trapezius = between shoulder blades.
2. Rhomboid major = between shoulder blades.
3. Rhomboid minor = between shoulder blades.
4. Levator scapulae = between the sides of the neck and shoulder blades
5. Pectoralis minor = a minor shoulder protractor
6. Serratus anterior = a main protractor muscle
7. Subclavius

Question 5

Name the muscles connecting the shoulder girdle to the humerus:

Answer 5

1. Pectoralis Major (clavicular head)
2. Deltoid
3. Coracobrachialis
4. Teres Major
5. 4 Rotator cuff muscles
   i) Teres minor
   ii) Supraspinatus
   iii) Infraspinatus
   iv) Subscapularis

Question 6

What actions does the Rhomboid major & minor have?

Answer 6

1. Retracts scapula and scapulothoracic joint

2. Internally rotates scapula at scapulothoracic joint.

Question 7

What actions do the superior fibres of the trapezius have?

Answer 7

1. Elevate scapula at scapulothoracic joint

2. Externally rotate scapula at scapulothoracic joint.

Question 8

What action does the middle fibres of the trapezius have?

Answer 8

Retract scapula at scapulothoracic joint.

Question 9

What actions do the inferior fibres of the trapezius have?

Answer 9

1. Depress scapula at scapulothoracic joint.

2. Externally rotate scapula at scapulothoracic joint.

Question 10

What actions does the anterior fibres of the deltoid have?

Answer 10

1. Flex humerus at the glenohumeral joint

2. Internally rotates humerus

Question 11

What action does the middle fibres of the deltoid have?

Answer 11

Abduct humerus at glenohumeral joint

Question 12

What actions does the posterior fibres of the deltoid have?

Answer 12

1. Extend humerus at glenohumeral joint

2. Externally rotate humerus at glenohumeral joint.

Question 13

What actions does the serratus anterior have?

Answer 13

1. Protract scapula at the scapulothoracic joint.

2. Externally rotate scapula at scapulothoracic joint.

Question 14

What actions does the Pectoralis major (sternal head) have?

Answer 14

1. Adduct humerus at glenohumeral joint.
2. Internally rotate humerus at glenohumeral joint
3. Extend humerus at glenohumeral joint (from a flexed position)
4. Depress shoulder girdle.

Question 15

What action does the Pectoralis major (Clavicular head) have?

Answer 15

Flex humerus at glenohumeral joint.

Question 16

What actions does the Latissimus dorsi have?

Answer 16

1. Adduct humerus at glenohumeral joint.
2. Internally rotate humerus at glenohumeral joint
3. Extend humerus at glenohumeral joint (from a
   flexed position)
4. Depress shoulder girdle

Question 17

Levator scapulae

Answer 17

• Elevate scapula at ST joint

* Internally rotate scapula

Question 18

Teres major

Answer 18

Adduct humerus at GH joint

• Internally rotate humerus at GH joint

Question 19

Pectoralis minor

Answer 19

Protract scapula at ST joint

Question 20

Coracobrachialis

Answer 20

Flex humerus at GH joint

• Adduct humerus at GH joint