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Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy 2 > Anatomy Revision - Muscle/Action/Origin/Insertion/Innervation > Flashcards

Anatomy Revision - Muscle/Action/Origin/Insertion/Innervation Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis minor action

A

draw scapula laterally and forward around the chest wall (with serratus anterior)
with other muscles rotates scapula and depresses apex of shoulder

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2
Q

Pectoralis minor origin

A

ribs 3-5 and overlying fascia

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3
Q

Pectoralis minor insertion

A

coracoid process of scapula

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4
Q

Pectoralis minor innervation

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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5
Q

Serratus anterior action

A

with pectoralis minor - draw scapula forward and around the chest wall
protracts scapula
prime mover in all forward reaching and pushing actions ; aids in rotating scapula to elevate apex of shoulder; fixes scapula during abduction of arm

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6
Q

Serratus anterior origin

A

all or nearly all ribs

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7
Q

Serratus anterior insertion

A

medial border of scapula

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8
Q

Serratus anterior innervation

A

long thoracic nerve

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9
Q

Trapezius action

A

stabilises scapula and shoulder during arm movements; elevates and depresses apex of shoulder; acts with other muscles to rotate and retract scapula

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10
Q

Trapezius origin

A

External occipital protuberance; medial one third of superior nuchal line; spinous process of vertebrae (C7-T3 or 4)

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11
Q

Trapezius insertion

A

acromion and spine of scapula; lateral one third of clavicle

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12
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

accessory nerve ; anterior rami of C3/C4

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13
Q

Levator scapulae action

A

elevates scapula if cervical vertebrae are fixed
flexes neck laterally if scapula is fixed
retracts scapula and braces shoulder
rotates scapula and depresses apex of shoulder

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14
Q

Levator Scapulae origin

A

transverse processes of vertebrae C1-C4

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15
Q

Levator scapulae insertion

A

superior angle to medial border of scapulae

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16
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A

Spinal nerves C3-4 and C5 via posterior scapula nerve

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17
Q

Rhomboideus minor action

A

retracts scapula and braces shoulder; fixes scapula during arm movements

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18
Q

Rhomboideus minor origin

A

spinous processes of Vertebrae C7-T1; nuchal ligament

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19
Q

Rhomboideus minor insertion

A

medial border of scapula

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20
Q

Rhomoideus minor innervation

A

posterior scapula nerve

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21
Q

Rhomboideus major action

A

same as rhomboid minor

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22
Q

Rhomboideus major origin

A

spinous processes of vertebrae T2-T5

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23
Q

Rhomboideus major insertion

A

medial border of scapula

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24
Q

Rhomboideus major innervation

A

posterior scapula nerve

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25
Q

Pectoralis Major action

A

flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus, as in climbing or hugging; aids in deep inspiration

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26
Q

Pectoralis Major origin

A

medial half of clavicle
lateral margin of sternum
costal cartilages 1-7
Aponeurosis of external oblique

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27
Q

Pectoralis major insertion

A

lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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28
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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29
Q

Latissimus dorsi action

A

Adducts and medially rotates humerus; extends the shoulder joint as in pulling on the oars of a row boat; produces backward swing of arm in such actions as walking and bowling; with hands grasping overhead object, pull body forward and upward

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30
Q

Latissimus dorsi origin

A

T7-L5 vertebrae; lower three or four ribs; iliac crest; thoracolumbar fascia

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31
Q

Latissimus dorsi insertion

A

floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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32
Q

Latissimus dorsi innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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33
Q

Deltoid action

A

anterior fibres flex and medially rotate arm
lateral fibres abduct the arm; posterior fibres extend and laterally rotate arm; involved in arm swinging during such actions as walking or bowling, and in adjustment of hand height for various manual tasks

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34
Q

Deltoid Origin

A

acromion and spine of scapula; clavicle

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35
Q

Deltoid Insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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36
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

axillary nerve

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37
Q

Teres major action

A

extends and medially rotates humerus; contributes to arm swinging

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38
Q

Teres major origin

A

inferior angle of scapula

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39
Q

Teres major insertion

A

medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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40
Q

Teres Major innervation

A

lower scapula nerve

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41
Q

Coracobrachialis action

A

flexes and medially rotates arm; resists deviation of arm from frontal plane during abduction

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42
Q

Coracobrachialis origin

A

coracoid process

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43
Q

corachobrachialis insertion

A

medial aspect of humeral shaft

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44
Q

Coracobrachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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45
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

aids deltoid in abduction of arm; resists downward slippage of humeral head when arm is relaxed or when carrying weight

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46
Q

Supraspinatus origin

A

supraspinatus fossa of scapula

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47
Q

Supraspinatus insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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48
Q

supraspinatus innervation

A

subscapular nerve

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49
Q

infraspinatus action

A

modulates action of deltoid, preventing humeral head from slipping upward; rotates humerus laterally

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50
Q

Infraspinatus origin

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

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51
Q

Infraspinatus insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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52
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

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53
Q

Teres minor action

A

modulates action of deltoid, preventing humeral head from sliding upward as arm is abducted; rotates humerus laterally

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54
Q

Teres minor origin

A

lateral border and adjacent posterior surface of scapula

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55
Q

Teres minor insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus, anterior surface of joint capsule

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56
Q

Teres minor innervation

A

upper and lower subscapula nerves

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57
Q

Brachialis action

A

prime mover of elbow flexion

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58
Q

Brachialis origin

A

Anterior surface of distal half of humerus

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59
Q

Brachialis insertion

A

coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

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60
Q

Brachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous n.

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61
Q

Bicep brachii action

A

supination of forearm
elbow flexion
tendon of long head stabilises shoulder

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62
Q

Biceps brachii origin

A

long head - superior margin of glenoid cavity

Short head - coracoid process

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63
Q

Biceps brachii insertion

A

tuberosity of radius

fascia of forearm

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64
Q

Biceps brachii innervation

A

musculocutaneous

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65
Q

Triceps brachii action

A

extends elbow, long head extends and adducts humerus

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66
Q

Triceps brachii origin

A

long head - inferior margin of the glenoid cavity and joint capsule
lateral head - posterior surface of proximal end of humerus
medial head - posterior surface of entire humeral shaft

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67
Q

Triceps brachii insertion

A

olecranon, fasica of forearm

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68
Q

Triceps brachii innervation

A

radial nerve

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69
Q

Brachioradialis action

A

flexes elbow
supinates when in pronated position
pronates when in supinated position

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70
Q

brachioradialis origin

A

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

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71
Q

Brachioradialis insertion

A

lateral surface of radius near styloid process

72
Q

Brachioradialis innervation

A

radial nerve

73
Q

Anconeus action

A

extends elbow

may help to control ulnar movement during pronation

74
Q

anconeus origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

75
Q

anconeus insertion

A

olecranon and posterior surface of ulna

76
Q

anconeus innervation

A

radial n

77
Q

pronator quadratus action

A

prime mover of forearm pronation

78
Q

pronator quadratus origin

A

anterior surface of distal ulna

79
Q

pronator quadratus insertion

A

anterior surface of distal radius

80
Q

Pronator quadratus innervation

A

median nerve

81
Q

Pronator teres action

A

assists pronator quadratus in pronation of the forearm

82
Q

Pronator teres origin

A

humeral shaft near medial epicondyle

coronoid process of ulna

83
Q

Pronator teres insertion

A

lateral surface of radial shaft

84
Q

Pronator teres innervation

A

median nerve

85
Q

Supinator action

A

supinates forearm

86
Q

Supinator origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus; supinator crest and fossa of ulna just distal to radial notch; anular and radial collateral ligaments of elbow

87
Q

supinator insertion

A

proximal 1/3 of radius

88
Q

Supinator innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

89
Q

Flexor carpi radialis action

A

flexes wrist anteriorly ; aids in radial flexion of wrist

90
Q

Flexor carpi radialis origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

91
Q

Flexor carpi radialis insertion

A

base of metacarpals II-III

92
Q

Flexor carpi radialis innervation

A

median nerve

93
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

flexes wrist anteriorly ; aids in ulnar flexion of the wrist

94
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus ; medial margin of olecranon; posterior surface of the ulna

95
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

pisiform; hamate; metacarpal V

96
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

ulnar nerve

97
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

flexes wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

98
Q

Flexor digiorum superficialis origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus; ulna collateral ligament; coronoid process, superior half of radius

99
Q

Flexor digiorum superficialis insertion

A

middle phalanges II-V

100
Q

Flexor digiorum superficialis innervation

A

Median nerve

101
Q

Palmaris longus action

A

wrist flexion **

102
Q

Palmaris longus origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

103
Q

Palmaris longus insertion

A

flexor retinaculum; palmar aponeuosis

104
Q

Palmaris longus innervation

A

median nerve

105
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus action

A

flexes wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints; sole flexor of the distal interphalangeal joints

106
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus origin

A

proximal three quarters of ulna; coronoid process; interosseous membrane

107
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus insertion

A

distal phalanges II-V

108
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus innervation

A

median nerve; ulna nerve

109
Q

Flexor pollicis longus action

A

flexes phalanges of thumb

110
Q

Flexor pollicis longus origin

A

radius; interosseous membrane

111
Q

Flexor pollicis longus insertion

A

distal phalanx 1

112
Q

Flexor pollicis longus innervation

A

median nerve

113
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

extends wrist

aids in radial flexion of the wrist

114
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin

A

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

115
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

A

base of metacarpal II

116
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation

A

radial nerve

117
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

extends wrist

aids In radial flexion of the wrist

118
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

119
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

A

base of metacarpal III

120
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

121
Q

Extensor digitorum action

A

extends wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

122
Q

Extensor digitorum origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

123
Q

Extensor digitorum insertion

A

Dorsal surface of phalanges II-V

124
Q

Extensor digitorum innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

125
Q

Extensor digiti minimi action

A

extends wrist and all joints of little finger

126
Q

Extensor digiti minimi origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

127
Q

Extensor digiti minimi insertion

A

Proximal phalanx V

128
Q

Extensor digiti minimi innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

129
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

extends and fixes wrist when fist is clenched or hand grips an object; aids in ulnar flexion of wrist

130
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior

131
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

base of V metacarpal surface of ulna shaft

132
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

133
Q

Abductor pollicis longus action

A

abducts thumb in frontal (palmar) plane (radial abduction)

extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint

134
Q

Abductor pollicis longus origin

A

posterior surface of radius and ulna; interosseous membrane

135
Q

Abductor pollicis longus insertion

A

trapezium ,base of metacarpal I

136
Q

Abductor pollicis longus innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

137
Q

extensor pollicis brevis action

A

extends metacarpal I and proximal phalanx of thumb

138
Q

extensor pollicis brevis origin

A

shaft of radius

interosseous membrane

139
Q

extensor pollicis brevis insertion

A

proximal phalanx 1

140
Q

extensor pollicis brevis innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

141
Q

extensor pollicis longus action

A

extends distal phalanx I ; aids in extending proximal phalanx 1 and metacarpal 1 ; adduct and laterally rotates thumb

142
Q

extensor pollicis longus origin

A

posterior surface of ulna; interosseous membrane

143
Q

extensor pollicis longus insertion

A

distal phalanx 1

144
Q

extensor pollicis longus innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

145
Q

extensor indicis action

A

extends wrist and index finger

146
Q

extensor indicis origin

A

posterior surface of ulna; interosseous membrane

147
Q

extensor indicis insertion

A

middle and distal phalanges of index finger

148
Q

extensor indicis innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve

149
Q

Adductor pollicis action

A

draws thumb towards palm as in gripping a tool

150
Q

Adductor pollicis origin

A

capitate; bases of metacarpals II-III ; anterior ligaments of wrist; tendon sheath of flexor carpi radialis

151
Q

Adductor pollicis insertion

A

medial surface of proximal phalanx I

152
Q

Adductor pollicis innervation

A

ulnar nerve

153
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis action

A

abducts thumb in sagittal plane

154
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis origin

A

mainly flexor retinaculum; also scaphoid, trapezium, and abductor pollicis longus tendon

155
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis insertion

A

lateral surface of proximal phalanges I

156
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis innervation

A

median nerve

157
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis action

A

flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb

158
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis origin

A

trapezium; trapezoid; capitate; anterior ligaments of wrist; flexor retinaculum

159
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis insertion

A

Proximal phalanx I

160
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis innervation

A

median nerve ; ulnar nerve

161
Q

Opponens pollicis action

A

flexes metacarpal I to oppose thumb to fingertips

162
Q

Opponens pollicis origin

A

trapezium; flexor retinaculum

163
Q

Opponens pollicis insertion

A

metacarpal I

164
Q

Opponens pollicis innervation

A

median nerve

165
Q

Abductor digiti minimi action

A

abducts little finger; as in spreading fingers apart

166
Q

Abductor digiti minimi origin

A

pisiform; tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

167
Q

Abductor digiti minimi insertion

A

medial surface of proximal phalanx V

168
Q

Abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

ulnar nerve

169
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis action

A

flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint

170
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

A

Hamulus of hamate bone ; flexor retinaculum

171
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

A

medial surface of proximal phalanx V

172
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

A

ulnar nerve

173
Q

Opponens digiti minimi action

A

flexes metacarpal V at carpometacarpal joint when little finger is moved into opposition with tip of thumb; deepens palm of hand

174
Q

Opponens digiti minimi origin

A

hamulus of hamte bone; flexor retinaculum

175
Q

Opponens digiti minimi insertion

A

medial surface of metacarpal V

176
Q

Opponens digiti minimi innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy 2 (10 decks)

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