Anatomy Revision - Muscle/Action/Origin/Insertion/Innervation Flashcards
1
Q
Pectoralis minor action
A
draw scapula laterally and forward around the chest wall (with serratus anterior)
with other muscles rotates scapula and depresses apex of shoulder
2
Q
Pectoralis minor origin
A
ribs 3-5 and overlying fascia
3
Q
Pectoralis minor insertion
A
coracoid process of scapula
4
Q
Pectoralis minor innervation
A
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
5
Q
Serratus anterior action
A
with pectoralis minor - draw scapula forward and around the chest wall
protracts scapula
prime mover in all forward reaching and pushing actions ; aids in rotating scapula to elevate apex of shoulder; fixes scapula during abduction of arm
6
Q
Serratus anterior origin
A
all or nearly all ribs
7
Q
Serratus anterior insertion
A
medial border of scapula
8
Q
Serratus anterior innervation
A
long thoracic nerve
9
Q
Trapezius action
A
stabilises scapula and shoulder during arm movements; elevates and depresses apex of shoulder; acts with other muscles to rotate and retract scapula
10
Q
Trapezius origin
A
External occipital protuberance; medial one third of superior nuchal line; spinous process of vertebrae (C7-T3 or 4)
11
Q
Trapezius insertion
A
acromion and spine of scapula; lateral one third of clavicle
12
Q
Trapezius innervation
A
accessory nerve ; anterior rami of C3/C4
13
Q
Levator scapulae action
A
elevates scapula if cervical vertebrae are fixed
flexes neck laterally if scapula is fixed
retracts scapula and braces shoulder
rotates scapula and depresses apex of shoulder
14
Q
Levator Scapulae origin
A
transverse processes of vertebrae C1-C4
15
Q
Levator scapulae insertion
A
superior angle to medial border of scapulae
16
Q
Levator scapulae innervation
A
Spinal nerves C3-4 and C5 via posterior scapula nerve
17
Q
Rhomboideus minor action
A
retracts scapula and braces shoulder; fixes scapula during arm movements
18
Q
Rhomboideus minor origin
A
spinous processes of Vertebrae C7-T1; nuchal ligament
19
Q
Rhomboideus minor insertion
A
medial border of scapula
20
Q
Rhomoideus minor innervation
A
posterior scapula nerve
21
Q
Rhomboideus major action
A
same as rhomboid minor
22
Q
Rhomboideus major origin
A
spinous processes of vertebrae T2-T5
23
Q
Rhomboideus major insertion
A
medial border of scapula
24
Q
Rhomboideus major innervation
A
posterior scapula nerve
25
Pectoralis Major action
flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus, as in climbing or hugging; aids in deep inspiration
26
Pectoralis Major origin
medial half of clavicle
lateral margin of sternum
costal cartilages 1-7
Aponeurosis of external oblique
27
Pectoralis major insertion
lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
28
Pectoralis major innervation
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
29
Latissimus dorsi action
Adducts and medially rotates humerus; extends the shoulder joint as in pulling on the oars of a row boat; produces backward swing of arm in such actions as walking and bowling; with hands grasping overhead object, pull body forward and upward
30
Latissimus dorsi origin
T7-L5 vertebrae; lower three or four ribs; iliac crest; thoracolumbar fascia
31
Latissimus dorsi insertion
floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
32
Latissimus dorsi innervation
thoracodorsal nerve
33
Deltoid action
anterior fibres flex and medially rotate arm
lateral fibres abduct the arm; posterior fibres extend and laterally rotate arm; involved in arm swinging during such actions as walking or bowling, and in adjustment of hand height for various manual tasks
34
Deltoid Origin
acromion and spine of scapula; clavicle
35
Deltoid Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
36
Deltoid innervation
axillary nerve
37
Teres major action
extends and medially rotates humerus; contributes to arm swinging
38
Teres major origin
inferior angle of scapula
39
Teres major insertion
medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
40
Teres Major innervation
lower scapula nerve
41
Coracobrachialis action
flexes and medially rotates arm; resists deviation of arm from frontal plane during abduction
42
Coracobrachialis origin
coracoid process
43
corachobrachialis insertion
medial aspect of humeral shaft
44
Coracobrachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
45
Supraspinatus action
aids deltoid in abduction of arm; resists downward slippage of humeral head when arm is relaxed or when carrying weight
46
Supraspinatus origin
supraspinatus fossa of scapula
47
Supraspinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
48
supraspinatus innervation
subscapular nerve
49
infraspinatus action
modulates action of deltoid, preventing humeral head from slipping upward; rotates humerus laterally
50
Infraspinatus origin
infraspinous fossa of scapula
51
Infraspinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
52
Infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
53
Teres minor action
modulates action of deltoid, preventing humeral head from sliding upward as arm is abducted; rotates humerus laterally
54
Teres minor origin
lateral border and adjacent posterior surface of scapula
55
Teres minor insertion
greater tubercle of humerus, anterior surface of joint capsule
56
Teres minor innervation
upper and lower subscapula nerves
57
Brachialis action
prime mover of elbow flexion
58
Brachialis origin
Anterior surface of distal half of humerus
59
Brachialis insertion
coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
60
Brachialis innervation
musculocutaneous n.
61
Bicep brachii action
supination of forearm
elbow flexion
tendon of long head stabilises shoulder
62
Biceps brachii origin
long head - superior margin of glenoid cavity
| Short head - coracoid process
63
Biceps brachii insertion
tuberosity of radius
| fascia of forearm
64
Biceps brachii innervation
musculocutaneous
65
Triceps brachii action
extends elbow, long head extends and adducts humerus
66
Triceps brachii origin
long head - inferior margin of the glenoid cavity and joint capsule
lateral head - posterior surface of proximal end of humerus
medial head - posterior surface of entire humeral shaft
67
Triceps brachii insertion
olecranon, fasica of forearm
68
Triceps brachii innervation
radial nerve
69
Brachioradialis action
flexes elbow
supinates when in pronated position
pronates when in supinated position
70
brachioradialis origin
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
71
Brachioradialis insertion
lateral surface of radius near styloid process
72
Brachioradialis innervation
radial nerve
73
Anconeus action
extends elbow
| may help to control ulnar movement during pronation
74
anconeus origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
75
anconeus insertion
olecranon and posterior surface of ulna
76
anconeus innervation
radial n
77
pronator quadratus action
prime mover of forearm pronation
78
pronator quadratus origin
anterior surface of distal ulna
79
pronator quadratus insertion
anterior surface of distal radius
80
Pronator quadratus innervation
median nerve
81
Pronator teres action
assists pronator quadratus in pronation of the forearm
82
Pronator teres origin
humeral shaft near medial epicondyle
| coronoid process of ulna
83
Pronator teres insertion
lateral surface of radial shaft
84
Pronator teres innervation
median nerve
85
Supinator action
supinates forearm
86
Supinator origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus; supinator crest and fossa of ulna just distal to radial notch; anular and radial collateral ligaments of elbow
87
supinator insertion
proximal 1/3 of radius
88
Supinator innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
89
Flexor carpi radialis action
flexes wrist anteriorly ; aids in radial flexion of wrist
90
Flexor carpi radialis origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
91
Flexor carpi radialis insertion
base of metacarpals II-III
92
Flexor carpi radialis innervation
median nerve
93
Flexor carpi ulnaris action
flexes wrist anteriorly ; aids in ulnar flexion of the wrist
94
Flexor carpi ulnaris origin
medial epicondyle of the humerus ; medial margin of olecranon; posterior surface of the ulna
95
Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion
pisiform; hamate; metacarpal V
96
Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation
ulnar nerve
97
Flexor digitorum superficialis action
flexes wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
98
Flexor digiorum superficialis origin
medial epicondyle of humerus; ulna collateral ligament; coronoid process, superior half of radius
99
Flexor digiorum superficialis insertion
middle phalanges II-V
100
Flexor digiorum superficialis innervation
Median nerve
101
Palmaris longus action
wrist flexion ****
102
Palmaris longus origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
103
Palmaris longus insertion
flexor retinaculum; palmar aponeuosis
104
Palmaris longus innervation
median nerve
105
Flexor digitorum profundus action
flexes wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints; sole flexor of the distal interphalangeal joints
106
Flexor digitorum profundus origin
proximal three quarters of ulna; coronoid process; interosseous membrane
107
Flexor digitorum profundus insertion
distal phalanges II-V
108
Flexor digitorum profundus innervation
median nerve; ulna nerve
109
Flexor pollicis longus action
flexes phalanges of thumb
110
Flexor pollicis longus origin
radius; interosseous membrane
111
Flexor pollicis longus insertion
distal phalanx 1
112
Flexor pollicis longus innervation
median nerve
113
Extensor carpi radialis longus action
extends wrist
| aids in radial flexion of the wrist
114
Extensor carpi radialis longus origin
lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
115
Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion
base of metacarpal II
116
Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation
radial nerve
117
Extensor carpi radialis brevis action
extends wrist
| aids In radial flexion of the wrist
118
Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
119
Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion
base of metacarpal III
120
Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
121
Extensor digitorum action
extends wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
122
Extensor digitorum origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
123
Extensor digitorum insertion
Dorsal surface of phalanges II-V
124
Extensor digitorum innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
125
Extensor digiti minimi action
extends wrist and all joints of little finger
126
Extensor digiti minimi origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
127
Extensor digiti minimi insertion
Proximal phalanx V
128
Extensor digiti minimi innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
129
Extensor carpi ulnaris action
extends and fixes wrist when fist is clenched or hand grips an object; aids in ulnar flexion of wrist
130
Extensor carpi ulnaris origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior
131
Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
base of V metacarpal surface of ulna shaft
132
Extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
133
Abductor pollicis longus action
abducts thumb in frontal (palmar) plane (radial abduction)
| extends thumb at carpometacarpal joint
134
Abductor pollicis longus origin
posterior surface of radius and ulna; interosseous membrane
135
Abductor pollicis longus insertion
trapezium ,base of metacarpal I
136
Abductor pollicis longus innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
137
extensor pollicis brevis action
extends metacarpal I and proximal phalanx of thumb
138
extensor pollicis brevis origin
shaft of radius
| interosseous membrane
139
extensor pollicis brevis insertion
proximal phalanx 1
140
extensor pollicis brevis innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
141
extensor pollicis longus action
extends distal phalanx I ; aids in extending proximal phalanx 1 and metacarpal 1 ; adduct and laterally rotates thumb
142
extensor pollicis longus origin
posterior surface of ulna; interosseous membrane
143
extensor pollicis longus insertion
distal phalanx 1
144
extensor pollicis longus innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
145
extensor indicis action
extends wrist and index finger
146
extensor indicis origin
posterior surface of ulna; interosseous membrane
147
extensor indicis insertion
middle and distal phalanges of index finger
148
extensor indicis innervation
posterior interosseous nerve
149
Adductor pollicis action
draws thumb towards palm as in gripping a tool
150
Adductor pollicis origin
capitate; bases of metacarpals II-III ; anterior ligaments of wrist; tendon sheath of flexor carpi radialis
151
Adductor pollicis insertion
medial surface of proximal phalanx I
152
Adductor pollicis innervation
ulnar nerve
153
Abductor pollicis brevis action
abducts thumb in sagittal plane
154
Abductor pollicis brevis origin
mainly flexor retinaculum; also scaphoid, trapezium, and abductor pollicis longus tendon
155
Abductor pollicis brevis insertion
lateral surface of proximal phalanges I
156
Abductor pollicis brevis innervation
median nerve
157
Flexor pollicis brevis action
flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb
158
Flexor pollicis brevis origin
trapezium; trapezoid; capitate; anterior ligaments of wrist; flexor retinaculum
159
Flexor pollicis brevis insertion
Proximal phalanx I
160
Flexor pollicis brevis innervation
median nerve ; ulnar nerve
161
Opponens pollicis action
flexes metacarpal I to oppose thumb to fingertips
162
Opponens pollicis origin
trapezium; flexor retinaculum
163
Opponens pollicis insertion
metacarpal I
164
Opponens pollicis innervation
median nerve
165
Abductor digiti minimi action
abducts little finger; as in spreading fingers apart
166
Abductor digiti minimi origin
pisiform; tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
167
Abductor digiti minimi insertion
medial surface of proximal phalanx V
168
Abductor digiti minimi innervation
ulnar nerve
169
Flexor digiti minimi brevis action
flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
170
Flexor digiti minimi brevis origin
Hamulus of hamate bone ; flexor retinaculum
171
Flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion
medial surface of proximal phalanx V
172
Flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation
ulnar nerve
173
Opponens digiti minimi action
flexes metacarpal V at carpometacarpal joint when little finger is moved into opposition with tip of thumb; deepens palm of hand
174
Opponens digiti minimi origin
hamulus of hamte bone; flexor retinaculum
175
Opponens digiti minimi insertion
medial surface of metacarpal V
176
Opponens digiti minimi innervation
Ulnar nerve
