Anatomy- Regions of the brain Flashcards
What are the regions of the cerebral cortex?
- Frontal lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Occipital lobe
What structure is highlighted in this image?
The corpus callosum
What is the corpus collosum?
A nerve bundle fibre that sits beneath the cerebral cortex
It conencts the right and left hemispheres
What part of the brain is responsible for the following?
- Personality, behavoir, emotions
- Judgement, planning and problem solving
- Speech: speaking and writing (Brocca’s)
- Body movement (motor strip)
- Intellegence, concentration, self awareness
Frontal lobe
What part of the brain is responsible for the following?
- Interpreting language and words
- Sense of touch, pain and temperature (sensory strip)
- Interpretation of vision, hearing, motor, sensory and memory
- Spatial and vision perception
Parietal lobe
What part of the brain is responsible for interpreting vision?
Occipital lobe
What part of the brain is responsible for the following?
- Understanding language (Wernicke’s)
- Memory
- Hearing
- Seqeuncing and organisisation
Temporal lobe
Where is Broca’s area?
The inferior frontal gyrus in the left frontal lobe
Where is Wernicke’s area?
Left temporal lobe in the superior temporal gyrus
What region is highlighted?
Wernicke’s area
What area is highlighted?
Broca’s area
What is the role of Broca’s area?
The production of speech
What is the role of Wernicke’s area?
Language development - responsible for comprehension of speech
Describe Brocca’s aphasia?
If damaged the patient may have difficulty moving the tongue and facial muscles to produce speech.
The patient can still read and understand spoken language but has difficulty speaking and writing
Describe Wernicke’s aphasia?
The patient may speak in long sentences that have no meaning, add unnesscery words or invent new words.
Can make speech sounds but have difficulty understanding speech
What area of the brain is responsible for maintaining homeostasis?
Hypothalamus
What is the role of the pituitary gland?
Controls other endocrine glands in the body
Secretes hormones that control sexual development, promote bone and muscle growth, and responds to stress
What does the Pineal gland do?
Helps to regulate the body’s internal clock and circiadian rhythms by secreting melatonin. Also plays a role in sexual development
What is the role of the thalamus?
Acts as a relay system for the information coming and going to the cortex.
Plays a role in pain sensation, attention, alertness and memory
What do the basal ganglia do?
Group of nuclei that work with the cerebellum to coordinate fine motions such as fingertip movements
What is the role of the limbic system?
Centre for emotions, learning and memory
Where is CSF made?
The choricoid plexus
What connects the lateral ventricles to the 3rd ventricle?
The foramen of Munro
What connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle?
The aqueduct of Sylvius
Where is the primary auditory cortex located?
The superior temporal gyrus
What area of the brain is responsible for temperature regulation?
The hypothalamus
Where is the primary visual cortex located?
Occipital lobe
Where is the primary motor cortex?
The precentral gyrus
Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located?
Postcentral gyrus
