Anatomy Questions-Fall Flashcards
During dental procedures of the maxillary incisor teeth, local anesthesia is applied to what nerve?
A. Infra-orbital
B. Mental
C. Buccal
D. Facial
A. Infra-orbital
A baseball player gets distracted while playing catch and gets hit in the side of the head with a ball. The ball hit him slightly in front of the ear. What vessel is at risk when struct in this location?
A. The internal carotid artery
B. The superior sagittal sinus vein
C. The frontal middle meningeal artery
D. The cavernous sinus
C. The frontal middle meningeal artery
The skull is covered by the scalp, which is nicely named because it describes, in order, what the layers of tissues are. What are these layers?
A. Skin, connective tissues, aponeurosis epicardium, loose connective tissue, periosteum
B. Skin, connective tissues, aponeurosis epicranialis, loose connective tissue, pericrandium
C. Skin, calvarial tissue, aponeurosis epicranialis, loose connective tissue, periosteum
D. Skin, calvarial tissues, aponeurosis epicranialis, loose calvarial tissue, pericrandium
B. Skin, connective tissues, aponeurosis epicranialis, loose connective tissue, pericrandium
Deciding to celebrate finishing your last final, you decide to go to Bentleyville with your fabulous classmates. Unfortunately, the recently windy weather loosened one of the displays. To your dismay, one of the tyrannosaurus comes crashing down on another patron! Rushing to his aide, you and your cohort realize he managed to get out of the way, receiving only a minor scrape across his nose. You recommend he use antibiotic ointment and cover the injury because:
A. The lymphatics of that area drain to the parotid nodes and any infection will cause painful swelling in front of the ears
B. If it gets infected, he could end up with meningitis because the veins around the nose drain to the cavernous sinus.
C. If it gets infected, he could end up with encephalopathy because the bones of the face are so thin that they cannot prevent spread of infection.
D. The arteries of the nasal region are so close to the surface that infection can lead to increased swelling and bleeding.
B. If it gets infected, he could end up with meningitis because the veins around the nose drain to the cavernous sinus.
Which of the following is NOT a muscle of the palpebral fissure and nose?
A. the orbicularis oculi
B. the nasalis
C. the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
D. the levator anguli oris
D. the levator anguli oris
A fracture to the bones that make up the Pterion from a blow to the side of the head has the potential of rupturing which artery?
A. Middle meningeal artery
B. Facial artery
C. Internal carotid
D. Occipital artery
A. Middle meningeal artery
CN VII has five terminal branches that come off of which nerve?
A. Facial nerve
B. Trigeminal nerve
C. Trochlear nerve
D. Optic nerve
A. Facial nerve
While shopping at target, you see a little boy begging his parents for a new Lego set. He gives his best puppy-dog eyes and sticks out his lower lip trying to persuade them. Which muscle is responsible for this lip movement?
A. Mentalis B. Obicularis Oris C. Depressor Anguli Oris D. Buccinator
A. Mentalis
A PA student stayed up too late studying for her anatomy exam. When she finally decided to go to bed, she tripped going up the stairs. Since her arms were occupied carrying her books, she hit her face on a step. Upon exam you tug on her upper incisors and there is mobility of the mid-face through the orbits, but the zygomatic arch remains fixed. What injury do you suspect?
A. Le Fort fracture type I B. Le Fort fracture type II C. Le Fort fracture type III D. Le Fort fracture type IV E. She is fine and can go home
B. Le Fort fracture type II
A 70-year-old male presents to your office complaining of a sharp pain in his lower jaw every time he bites down. You note upon physical examination that the patient has no bottom teeth and isn’t wearing his dentures. Which of the following is the correct sequence of structures, ending with the nerve responsible for his pain?
A. Trigeminal Ganglion, Trigenminal Nerve, Mandibular Nerve, Inferior Alveolar Nerve, Mental Nerve
B. Trigeminal Nerve, Trigeminal Ganglion, Mandibular Nerve, Inferior Alveolar Nerve, Mental Nerve
C. Trigeminal Nerve, Trigeminal Ganglion, Mandibular Nerve, Mental Nerve, Inferior Alveolar Nerve
D. Trigeminal Ganglion, Trigenminal Nerve, Mandibular Nerve, Mental Nerve, Inferior Alveolar Nerve
B. Trigeminal Nerve, Trigeminal Ganglion, Mandibular Nerve, Inferior Alveolar Nerve, Mental Nerve
The facial, superficial temporal, and occipital arteries are branches of the __________ ; while the supra-orbital and supratrochlear arteries are branches of the _______________ artery. These are all important in supplying the face and scalp with oxygenated blood.
A. internal jugular; internal carotid
B. External Carotid Artery; Internal jugular
C. Internal carotid; external carotid
D External Carotid; Internal carotid
D External Carotid; Internal carotid
NJ, 27-year-old presents to your clinic after taking an elbow to the side of the face and jaw region while playing boot hockey and the night before. He did not lose consciousness, and doesn’t remember any abnormal sensations because he had to jump up and score the game-winning goal. On exam today, you note tenderness and inflammation near the mandibular angle region. He reports a loss of sensation in his cheek and molars. He denies any sensation loss in the nasal region or forehead. He is having no trouble talking and you notice he is chewing gum (no problem with mastication).
You immediately consider the nerve responsible for sensory in the head, and have a hypothesis regarding what is going on. You send the patient for a CT scan to assess his injury. Meanwhile, you have a hunch that what is going on?
A. Blow to the side of the face injured the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3), at the point where it leaves the foramen ovale
B. Blow to the side of the cheek injured the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3), distal to the foramen ovale, at the level of the buccal nerve, unaffecting the other branches
C. Blow to the cheek injured the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve, at the level of the inferior orbital fissure
D. Blow to the side of the face injured the mandibular branch of the facial nerve, at the point where it leaves the foramen ovale.
B. Blow to the side of the cheek injured the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3), distal to the foramen ovale, at the level of the buccal nerve, unaffecting the other branches
To locate the superior nuchal line, what landmark do you palpate for?
A) External occipital protuberance
B) External occipital crest
C) Occipital condyle
D) Groove for occipital artery
A) External occipital protuberance
A 6 year old girl was playing with her little brother when things got a little carried away and threw a rock and struck her in the chin. She came in with a gaping wound from her the left side of her chin to her lower left lip and sutures were determined to be necessary. The nerve that needs to be blocked before suturing is a branch of which cranial nerve?
A) CN Vll
B) CN lX
C) CN V
D) CN Xll
C) CN V
When anesthetizing the skin and mucous membrane of the cheek to suture a knife wound after someone engages in a classic “Moore knife fight,” one will inject the mucosa covering the retromolar fossa. This is known as what type of nerve block?
A. mental and incisive nerve block B. infra-orbital nerve block C. buccal nerve block D. Facial nerve block E. CN VII block
C. buccal nerve block
A patient presents to your clinic with fever and worsening headache a few days after sustaining a scalp laceration and subsequent infection while she was riding her bike on a trail. She says that she now regrets attempting to exercise as there are so many possible injuries one can sustain from simply participating in physical activities. She is diagnosed with meningitis. You determine that the scalp layer involved is the
A. Scalp B. Connective tissue C. Aponeurosis epicranialis D. Loose connective tissue E. Pericranium
D. Loose connective tissue
A healthy 21 year old patient complains of sudden slurred speech and problems drinking water, shaving, and brushing his teeth. He reports no recent illness, no history of trauma or injury to his face or neck. He has had no major surgeries, but recently had a wisdom tooth removed while on vacation in Thailand. During your examination, you don’t see any drooping or facial abnormalities. You can’t stop looking at what looks like a flake of Cheeto stuck on his bottom lip and you nonchalantly wipe your mouth with the back of your hand in hopes that he’ll do the same. What do you expect has caused these symptoms?
A) Injury to the CN V
B) A lesion of CN I
C) Injury to the marginal mandibular branch of CNVII
D) Compression of the buccal branch of CN VII
A) Injury to the CN V
A 28 year old female trips and falls while carrying her laundry through the living room, during the fall she scrapes the side of her scalp on the coffee table, causing a fairly deep laceration. Despite applying pressure, the bleeding does not stop and she ends up in your ED seeking care. Which of the following are true regarding her head injury?
a. arteries of the scalp tend to bleed from both ends when lacerated, due to anastomoses
b. arteries of the scalp are less able to constrict than more superficial vessels
c. your patient will likely need stitches
d. A and C
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
The cutaneous innervation of the face is supplied primarily by the trigeminal nerve (CN V). Which branches of CN V are involved in this sensory innervation?
a. maxillary branch, ophthalmic branch, frontal branch
b. maxillary branch, ophthalmic branch, mandibular branch
c. mandibular branch, maxillary branch, frontal branch
d. ophthalmic branch, mandibular branch, zygomatic branch
b. maxillary branch, ophthalmic branch, mandibular branch
A high school track and field team is doing volunteer work after a homecoming football game. They decide to help pick up garbage and tidy the concession stand. Naturally, a sprinter and thrower from the team turn this into a competition to see who can pick up the most garbage in 10 minutes. They race to all the trash under the bleachers, but the sprinter forgets about the metal bars running lengthwise underneath the bleachers. She hits the frontal part of her head on the metal bar while mid-sprint. After she realizes what happens, she begins to experience severe pain at the base of her skull on the posterior side. She gradually forms a hematoma, tenderness, and additional bruising across her forehead. Considering the athlete hit the anterior aspect of her head and is now experiencing posterior skull pain, what is her most likely diagnosis?
a. Contrecoup (counterblow) fracture
b. Posterior Depressed fracture
c. Linear Calvarial fracture
d. Posterior Comminuted fracture
a. Contrecoup (counterblow) fracture
Your instructor asks you a very engaging question during a Fundamentals of Medicine lecture and you are stumped. Then the instructor says if you get the question correct, you win a million dollars. A common facial reaction to this feeling is to elevate your eyebrows in surprise. What facial muscle allows for this motion?
a) Orbicularis oculi
b) Corrugator supercilia
c) Levator labii superioris
d) Occipitofrontalis
d) Occipitofrontalis
A 32 year-old male presents to the ED after being struck on the side of the head with a metal bat when his son was hitting the pinata at his 8th birthday party. Due to the hard blow, the physician confirms that the man has ruptured his frontal branch of the middle meningeal artery, which was most likely a direct result from the fracture of what part of the man’s skull:
A: Glabella
B: Nasion
C: External Occipital Protuberance (Inion)
D: Pterion
D: Pterion
You are a PA student on Christmas break and your little niece wants to go visit Santa Claus at the mall to give him a kiss on the cheek. You tell her that in order to pucker up her lips, she should tense her: A: Mentalis Muscle B: Platysma Muscle C: Orbicularis Oris Muscle D: Risorius Muscle
C: Orbicularis Oris Muscle
A concerned father brings his sickly 6 week old baby in to the ER after 3 days of intractable diarrhea. The PA is concerned about the amount of lost fluid, what can she use to check for dehydration in this infant?
A. Jugular venous distention
B. Buccal fat pads
C. Plagiocephaly
D. Fontanelle depression
D. Fontanelle depression