Anatomy Practical 2 Flashcards
What does the trachea arise from and end?
starts - C6, end of the larynx
ends - sternal angle T4/5, divides into bronchi
What are some features of the trachea?
Incomplete Cartilage rings
10cm long
What is the difference between the R and L bronchi? What does this mean clinically?
R - wider and shorter, more vertical
L - narrower and longer, more horizontal
Get more things stuck in R and more aspiration
What do the bronchi, CT and visceral pleura all receive their blood supply from?
Bronchial arteries (stem from descending aorta)
Where do bronchial veins drain to?
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
Where do the alveoli receive blood from? Where does their blood leave to?
Deox blood from terminal branches of the pulmonary arteries
Oxygenated blood leaves alveolar capillaries and drain to tributaries of pulmonary vein.
Where is the superficial lymph plexus?
Lies beneath visceral pleura and drains over surface of lung to hilum
Where is the deep lymph plexus?
Travels along bronchi and pulmonary vessels towards hilum passing through pulmonary nodes in the lung and then lymph enters bronchopulmonary nodes around hilum
Where does lymph from the lungs go?
Enters bronchopulmonary nodes
Drains into tracheobronchial nodes and into bronchomediastinal lymph trunks
What is the plexus composed of at the root of each lung?
Efferent and afferent autonomic nerve fibres (sympathetic trunk branches T1-T5 and receives PS fibres from vagus)
What is the main muscle of ventilation?
Diaphragm
What are the attachments of the diaphragm to the thorax skeleton?
1 - sterna part
2- costal part
3- lumbar part (crura)
What is the upper border of the diaphragm?
Right dome - upper border of 5th rib
Left dome - lower border of 5th rib
What is the oesophageal hiatus?
Opening in the diaphragm where oesophagus and vagus nerve pass through, in the R crus of the diaphragm
What is the nerve supply to the diaphragm?
Phrenic
