Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

X-RAY STUDENTS > Anatomy/Positioning > Flashcards

Anatomy/Positioning Flashcards

1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
When MCP joints are under examination and the pt cannot extend the hand enough to place its palmar surface in contact with the IR, the position of the hand can be reversed for an AP projection.

A

TRUE

Merrills 1 p. 116

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which digits should overlap and which digits should be separated on a PA oblique hand projection?

A

Minimal overlap of 3,4,5 metacarpal shafts
slight overlap of the metacarpal bases and heads
seperation of the 2,3 metacarpals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How would you alter the lateral projection of the hand to better demonstrate fractures of the 5th metacarpal?

A

Rotate the hand 5 degrees posterior from the true lateral

p. 121 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Re : PA projection of wrist
A 30 degree central ray angle towards the elbow will elongate the scaphoid, capitate and lunate.

A

FALSE
30 degree angle towards the elbow elongates BOTH scaphoid and capitate

p. 124 Merrills 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
The carpal interspaces are better demonstrated in the AP wrist than the PA wrist.
If false, why?

A

TRUE

Because of the oblique direction of the interspaces, they are more closely parallel with the divergence of the x-ray beam

p. 125 Merrills 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which projection best demonstrates the trapezium and distal 1/2 of the scaphoid?

A

PA oblique of the wrist - lateral rotation

p. 128 Merrills 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which projection best demonstrates the triquetrium, pisiform and hook of hamate?

A

AP oblique of the wrist - Medial rotation

p. 129 Merrills 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Re : Scaphoid PA axial
The 20 degree angulation of the wrist places the scaphoid at right angles to the central ray so that it is projected without self-superimposition.

A

TRUE

p. 132 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TRUE/FALSE

When injury to soft tissue around the elbow is suspected the joit should be flexed only 30 or 35 degrees.

A

TRUE

p. 145 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which projection of the elbow should be performed to best demonstrate the coronoid process?

A

AP oblique medial rotation

p. 146 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which projection would best demonstrate the radial head, allowing the tuberosity free of superimposition?

A

AP oblique lateral rotation
p. 127
Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

In the AP humerus projection of the humerus the lesser tubercle is seen in profile.

A

FALSE
The humeral head and GREATER tubercle is seen in profile
The lesser tubercle is located between the humeral head and the greater tubercle
p. 159 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Which projections would best demonstrate the lesser tubercle in profile?

A 
AP lateral projection of the humerus
p. 160 Merrill's 1
AP shoulder with internal rotation
p. 176 Merrill's 1
Superoinferior p. 187 Merrill's 1
Inferosuperior axial p. 184 Merrill's 1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which projection of the shoulder is useful in the evaluation of suspected shoulder dislocation?

A

Scapular Y

p. 189 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

TRUE/FALSE
When performing the scapular Y, the position of the arm is not critical because it does not alter the relationship of the humeral head to the glenoid cavity.

A

TRUE

p. 189 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the appearance of an anterior and posterior shoulder dislocation in regards to the scapular Y projection

A

Anterior dislocation : humeral head beneath the coracoid process
Posterior dislocation : humeral head beneath the acromion process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which projection is best to demonstrate the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal?

A

Foot - AP oblique projection - medial rotation

p. 261 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

TRUE/FALSE

In the AP projection of the ankle, the talofibular articulation should be open.

A

FALSE
Will not be open nor shown in profile
This is a positive sign, this will indicate that the patient has no ruptured ligaments or other type of separations
p. 285 Merrill’s 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

On the lateral projection of the ankle the fifth metatarsal should be seen.

A

TRUE
This will allow to check for a Jones fracture (# of the 5th metatarsal tuberosity)

p. 286 Merrill’s 1

20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

In the AP oblique projection (45 degrees) of the ankle the talofibular joint space is in profile.

A 
FALSE
Mortise projection (15-20 degrees) the talofibular joint space is in profile
21
Q

Requisition is questioning “joint mice” loose bodies. Which projection should be performed?

A

PA axial projection - Intercondylar fossa

p. 314 Merrill’s 1

22
Q

Which 3 bones join together to form the acetabulum?

A

ilium, pubis, ischium

p. 335 Merrill’s 1

23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The ilium, pubis, ischium are separated by cartilage in youth and become fused into one bone in adulthood.

A

TRUE

p. 335 Merrill’s 1

24
Q

TRUE/FALSE

The male pelvis is normally wide and shallow.

A

FALSE
the female patient is wide and shallow
the male patient is narrow and deep

  • **see differences between male and female pelvis
    p. 340 Merrill’s 1
25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The zygapophyseal joints are demonstrated on an AP lumbar spine

A

False

p.412,420-423 Merrill’s 1

26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

A PA Lumbar spine further reduces dose compared to AP lumbar spine.

A

TRUE

p. 424 Merrill’s 1

27
Q

What is the recommended SID for a lumbar spine and why?

A 
48 inces (122 cm) - reduce distortion, more completely opens the intervertebral joint spaces 
p. 425 Merrill's 1
28
Q

Where is the central ray directed for a lumbosaccral exam and for a lumbar exam?

A

Lumbosaccral : L4

Lumbar : 3.8 cm above iliac crest (L3)

29
Q

Why is the last lumbar joint space (lumbosacral) disk space not well demonstrated in an AP L-spine?

A

Because of the angle at which the last lumbar segment joins the sacrum
p. 426 Merrill’s 1

30
Q

Where are the pedicles located on a true AP L-spine?

A

See p. 414 Martensen

31
Q

Where are the lamina located on a true AP L-spine?

A

see p. 414 Martensen

32
Q

What is the angle of rotation for an esophagus RAO?

A

35-40 degrees

33
Q

What is the degree of rotation when questioning visualization of the L5-S1 joint for LPO of the L-spine?

A

60 degrees

Merill’s 1 pg 420

34
Q

What is the degree of rotation to visualize the kidneys, RPO?

A

30 degrees

Merill’s 2 pg 208

35
Q

Give examples of what is considered part of the “low residue diet”.

A

clear liquid diet: bouillon, apple juice, gelatin, light coloured tea, lots of water
Low residue diet: white rice, pasta, well cooked veggies, meat/fish, eggs

36
Q

Dr on call asks you to centre at T2-T3 for upper T-spine x-ray. The patient is on a backboard. How would you find proper position for this x-ray?

A

Jugular notch

37
Q

Which of the following structures is NOT usually demonstrated on a post-op t-tube cholangiogram?

a) right and left hepatic ducts
b) sphincter of Oddi
c) pancreatic duct
d) common bile duct

A

c) pancreatic duct
Green binder digestive system
SEE MERRILL’S FOR INFO

38
Q

The purpose of compression devices during excretory urography is to:

a) restrict involuntary movement
b) obtain filling of the calyces and pelves
c) delineate the ureters and bladder
d) demonstrate hidden calculi

A

b) obtain filling of the calyces and pelves

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system

39
Q

What is the name of the method used to catheterize the femoral artery during angiography?

a) direct puncture method
b) Sweet’s technique
c) cutdown method
d) Seldinger method

A

d) Seldinger

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system

40
Q

At which level is the suprasternal notch located?

A

T2-T3

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system
Question 1

41
Q

Which of the following bones are formed by intramembranous ossification?

a) carpal bones
b) humerus
c) scapula
d) clavicle

A

d) clavicle

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system
Question 2

42
Q

Which of the following arteries branch from the aortic arch?

  1. brachiocephalic
  2. right common carotid
  3. left common carotid
  4. right subclavian
  5. left subclavian
  6. left coronary
A

1) bradiocephalic
3) left common carotid
5) left subclavian

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system
Question 25

43
Q

The trachea bifurcates at the level of?

A

T4-T5

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system
Question 30

44
Q

The upper part of the oblique fissure of the right lung separates the

a) superior and middle lobes
b) middle and inferior lobes
c) superior lobe and the lingula
d) superior and inferior lobes

A

d) superior and inferior lobes

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system
Question 31

45
Q

Where are the adenoids located?

A

Nasopharynx

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system
Question 33

46
Q

Where is the esophagus located within the thoracic cavity?

a) in the posterior mediastinum
b) in the middle mediastinum
c) anterior and to the right of the descending aorta
d) posterior and to the right of the descending aorta

A

a) posterior mediastinum,
c) anterior and to the right of the descending aorta

SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system
Question 37

47
Q

Which of the following parts of the nephron are found in the medulla of the kidney?

a) bowman’s capsule
b) renal pyramids
c) glomerulus
d) loop of Henle

A

d) loop of Henle
SEE MERRILL’S
Green binder digestive system
Question 38

X-RAY STUDENTS (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions