Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
Anatomy
The study of body structured
Physiology
The study of body function
Pathology
The study of abnormal changes in body structure or function, usually caused by disease.
Structures that make up the human body?
6 of them.
Chemicals
cells
tissues
organs
systems
body as a whole
Chemicals
Atoms and molecules
Cells
Structural and functional unit of life
Tissues
Groups of cells with similar structures and functions
Organ
Group of tissues working together to perform a function
Systems
Group of organs working together to perform a set of related functions
Body
Group of systems working together to maintain life.
Body planes and directions
Sagittal plane
Coronal or frontal plane
Transverse plane
Body cavities
Cranial -brain.
spinal -spinal cord.
thoracic -heart,lung &Olathe blood vessels.
abdominal -stomach,intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder,pancreas and spleen.
pelvic -urinary bladder, rectum,reproductive organs.
Abdominal quadrants
Right upper
left upper
right lower
left lower.
Abdominal regions
Right hypochondriac
epigastric
left hypochondriac
right lumbar
umbilical
left lumbar
right iliac
hypogastric
left iliac
Metabolism
Energy transformation in living cells
Anabolism
Builds up and repairs cells
Catabolism
Breaks down cells
What is the basic body process?
For the body to grow, repair it self and maintain equilibrium certain processes must occur.
metabolism , fluid balance and homeostasis are basic processes that take place or begin at the Cell level
Fluid balance
Regulation of the amount and composition of the body’s fluid.
Two major divisions of body fluid are:
Extracellular fluid - body fluid outside the cell.
Intracellular fluid - body fluid inside the cell.
Homeostasis
Equilibrium or health of the body as measured by established norms for blood pressure ,heart rate ,temperature, respiratory rate and other indicators.
Cell components?
8 components
Cell membrane cytoplasm nuclear membrane nucleus nucleolus centriole Cilia flagella
Histology
Study of tissue
Largest system in the body?
Integumentary system which is the skin
Skeletal system
The framework of the body. Composed of 206 bones, Cartlidge and ligaments
How many muscles are in the muscular system?
650 muscles make up the general form of the body
How many body systems are there?
There are 12 into related systems. Integumentary skeletal muscular nervous sensory Endocrine cardiovascular Lymphatic respiratory digestive urinary reproductive
