Anatomy & Physiology

Question 0

What is physiology?

Answer 0

Physiology deals with function. What the parts do & how they do it.

Question 1

What is anatomy?

Answer 1

Anatomy is structure, the physical appearance. How it’s put together.

Question 2

What is gross anatomy?

Answer 2

Gross anatomy deals with structures that can be seen with the naked eye.

Question 3

What is microscopic anatomy?

Answer 3

Microscopic anatomy is also known as histology; it deals with structures as seen under a microscope.

Question 4

What is systemic anatomy?

Answer 4

Systemic anatomy is studying anatomy on a systemic basis; studying an entire organ system

Question 5

What is regional anatomy?

Answer 5

Regional anatomy is studying all of the structures in a specific area such as the hand.

Question 6

What is cytology?

Answer 6

Cytology is the study of cells

Question 7

What is embryology?

Answer 7

Embryology is the study of the developmental changes occurring before birth.

Question 8

What is radio graphic anatomy?

Answer 8

Radio graphic anatomy is the study of the appearance body structures on X-Ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound and other imaging.

Question 9

What is pathology?

Answer 9

Pathology is the study of abnormal anatomy, diseases.

Question 10

What are the levels of organization smallest to largest?

Answer 10

The levels of organization are chemical, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ systems, organism

Question 11

What are organelles?

Answer 11

Organelles are known as little organs. Each cell has one. Each one has a specific function. They are similar in all cells but may vary in number depending on the cell’a function.

Question 12

What is a cell?

Answer 12

The cell is a basic unit of structure and function that can be alive independently. It varies in size and shape depending on their function.

Question 13

What is a tissue?

Answer 13

A tissue is a group of specialized cells generally arranged in layers or masses. The cells all have similar structures and functions.

Question 14

What is an organ?

Answer 14

An organ has at least two tissue types, usually more, arranged into a gross structure. It accomplishes specific functions. Heart, lung, brain, muscles

Question 15

What is an organ system?

Answer 15

An organ system is a group of organs that contribute to a particular function. Organs that cooperate and work closely together to accomplish a common purpose: muscular system = movement

Question 16

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 16

The characteristics of life are movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation and excretion.

Question 17

What are the requirements of an organism (to be considered an organism)?

Answer 17

The requirements to be considered an organism are water, food, O2, heat and pressure.

Question 18

Why is water needed in organisms?

Answer 18

Water is needed in organisms for metabolic processes. It’s a medium for metabolic reactions. It’s needed to transport substances and it helps to regulate body temp via blood flow

Question 19

Why is food needed in organisms?

Answer 19

Food is needed in organisms to supply energy, it gives raw material for production of various body substances that make up the structure of the body & also raw material for enzymes that regulate vital metabolic reactions

Question 20

Why is O2 necessary in organisms?

Answer 20

O2 is necessary to release energy from food substances.

Question 21

Why is heat necessary for organisms?

Answer 21

Heat is necessary to help regulate the rates of metabolic reaction.

Question 22

Why is pressure needed in an organism?

Answer 22

Pressure is needed for breathing and for hydrostatic pressure to help circulate blood.

Question 23

What is homeostasis?

Answer 23

Homeostasis is maintenance of a stable internal environment, means unchanging, it’s a dynamic state of equilibrium; internal conditions change but within narrow limits. It’s the body’s to maintain relative stability & function normally despite constant changes.

Question 24

What mechanisms does homeostasis require?

Answer 24

The mechanisms that homeostasis requires are receptors, control centers, and effectors.

Question 25

What are receptors in homeostasis?

Answer 25

Receptors provide information about the internal environment of the body.

Question 26

What is the control center in homeostasis?

Answer 26

The control center is like a biologic thermostat, determines the normal range of what is being regulated.

Question 27

What is an effector in homeostasis?

Answer 27

An effector is muscles or glands that cause responses that alter internal conditions back to normal.

Question 28

What are the 11 organ systems?

Answer 28

The 11 organ systems are integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive.

Question 29

What is sagittal cut?

Answer 29

A sagittal cut is a lengthwise cut that divides the body into right & left portions.

Question 30

What is a midline cut?

Answer 30

A midline cut is called a median or midsagittal.

Question 31

What’s a transverse cut?

Answer 31

A transverse cut is horizontal, divides the body into superior & inferior portions.

Question 32

What is a frontal cut?

Answer 32

A frontal cut is a section that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions (coronal).

Question 33

What is a cross section?

Answer 33

A cross section is cut across like slicing pepperoni.

Question 34

What is an oblique cut?

Answer 34

An oblique cut refers to a cut across on an angle.

Question 35

What is a longitudinal section?

Answer 35

A longitudinal section is a cut that is lengthwise. Like cutting a banana along its length.