Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
System: musculoskeletal
Function: support and shape/movement
Organs involved:
bones, muscles, tendons ligaments
System: nervous/sensory
Function: translate input and make decisions
Organs involved:
brain, spinal cord, nerves/sensory organs
System: circulatory/ cardiovascular
Function: transportation of oxygen, hormones, and nutrients
Organs involved:
blood vessels, capillaries, heart
System: endocrine
Function: turns functions on/off
Organs involved:
glands such as pituitary, thymus, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas
System: reproductive
Function: continuation of species, human sexual function
Organs involved:
ovaries, testes, uterus, penis, fallopian tubes, prostate
System: integumentary
Function: protection of internal organs
Organs involved:
skin, hair, nails
System: lymphatic
Function: protection from infection
Organs involved:
lymph vessels, spleen, tonsils
System: digestive
Function: intake and absorption of nutrients
Organs involved:
mouth , teeth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
System: respiratory
Function: intake of oxygen and output of waste
Organs involved:
mouth, nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli
System: excretory
Function: output of waste
Organs involved:
kidney, ureter, urethra, bladder
Tissue: epithelial
Function: covers and lines
found as skin, glands, and lining of organs
Type: connective
Function: joins together
Hard: found in bone
Liquid: found in blood
Fibrous: found in tendon
Soft: found in areolar tissue
Type: muscle
Function: contracts
Type:
Cardiac: found in heart
Smooth: found in vessels and organs
Skeletal: found in voluntary muscles
Type: nervous
Function: carries electric potential
neurons pick up potential and pass it on to subsequent neurons
benign tumor/neoplasm
tissue does not spread beyond the original site
malignant neoplasm/tumor
abnormal tissue growth spreads to other areas of the body
malignant epithelial tissue
carcinoma
malignant connective tissue
sarcoma
superior
above
ex: the nose is superior to the chin
inferior
below
ex: the lips are inferior to the nose
ventral/ anterior
belly side
ex: the breasts are ventral/anterior to the side of the body
dorsal/ posterior
back side
ex: the buttocks and the knuckles are on the dorsal/ posterior side of the body
distal
greatest distance away from a point of intersection
ex: the fingers are distal to the elbow
proximal
closest to the point of origin
ex: the wrist is proximal to the fingers
