Anatomy of the upper limb

Question 1

thigh and leg bones ?

Answer 1

Femur
Tibia and Fibia ( smaller one , don’t tell a little FIB)
patella = knee cap

Question 2

knee joint tendons

Answer 2

medial Tibial collateral ligament
Lateral Fibular collateral ligament

Anterior cruciate
Posterior cruciate
( both form a cross behind the knee)

Question 3

hip girdle

Answer 3

wings of ilium , contain iliac fossa

• then ischium
• top of the circle is the pubic bone

Question 4

anterior thigh muscles act to ——- the leg at the knee joint
nerve supply ?

Answer 4

a) extend the leg
b) nerve supply is femoral nerve L2-4
apart from tensor fasciae latae which acts to abduct the thigh and rotate thigh at hip which is supplied by the superior gluteal nerve

Question 5

Quadriceps muscle has four heads ?
where do they all attache to ?

Really funny lessons = more interesting

what is the nerve supply to them ?
what do they do ?

Answer 5

Rectus femoris- iliac spine ( most superficial )
vastus lateralis- lateral lip of linea aspera
vastus medialis - medial lip of linea aspera
vastus intermedius - anterior and lateral surfaces of the femoral shaft

they all form quadriceps tendon –> which runs into the patellar ligament

nerve supply is the femoral nerve

they all act to extend the leg at the knee joint

Question 6

what do the medial thigh muscles act to do ?

innervation

Answer 6

They Adduct the lower limb

mostly inverted by the Obturator nerve

Question 7

what does the sartorius muscle do ?

Answer 7

crossed leg muscle

innervated by femoral nerve L2-4

Question 8

sub-sartorial canal

NAVY from lateral to medial

Answer 8

The adductor canal (AC), also known as the subsartorial or Hunter's canal contains :
-Nerve femoral, saphenous nerve 
-Artery femoral
-Vein femoral 
lYmph

Question 9

Medial thigh muscles ?
innervation
main action

long 
books 
make 
people 
gripped
ON EX

Answer 9

adductor longus = obturator nerve , medially rotates thigh at hip
adductor brevis = obturator nerve , flexes hip too
adductor magnus = obturator nerve + sciatic nerve , adducts and extends hip (most powerful adductor )
pectineus -femoral nerve + obturator nerve , adducts + flexes thigh at hip
gracilis muscles = obturator nerve
Obturator externus= obturator nerve , rotates thigh laterally , very deep in thigh

they all addict thigh at hip

Question 10

what are the adductors of the thigh

Answer 10

most superficial is Adductor longus
then Adductor brevis right underneath
then Adductor Magnus ( big!!)

all are innervated by obturator Nerve

Question 11

femoral triangle boundaries

Answer 11

base : inguinal ligament
medial border : Adductor longus muscle
Lateral border : sartorius muscle

Question 12

what does the sciatic nerve supply ?

- terminal branches ?

Answer 12

posterior thigh muscles ( hamstring , muscles , biceps femoris, semitendinous , semimembraneous muscle )

terminal branches = tibial nerve and common fibular nerve ( above popliteal fossa)

Question 13

arterial supply of the leg

Answer 13

• femoral artery + prfodunda femoris artery (thigh)
• popliteal artery (shin)
• ->anterior tibial artery + posterior tibial artery

Question 14

venous drainage of the leg

Answer 14

thigh –> great saphenous Vein
posterior leg–>Short saphenous vein
Foot–>Dorsal Venous Arch

Question 15

lymphatic drainage of the leg

Answer 15

small saphenous vein —>popliteal lymph nodes –>Deep inguinal lymph nodes –>external iliac and common iliac lymph nodes