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PT0406-Anatomy > Anatomy of the Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Shoulder and Shoulder Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

name the 3 bones relevant to the shoulder and shoulder girdle?

A

humerus
scapula
clavicle

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2
Q

what bony points are relevant to the scapula?

A 
acromion process
coracoid process
inferior angle
superior angle
lateral border
medial border
spine
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3
Q

what bony points are relevant to the humerus?

A

greater tubercle
lesser tubercle
bicipital groove

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4
Q

describe the sternoclavicular joint?

A

medial aspect of clavicle + clavicle notch of sternum

elevation/depression, protraction/retraction, axial rotation

ball and socket in form but not function, sleeve like capsule

ligaments are; Anterior sternoclavicular ligament, posterior sternoclavicular ligament, interclavicular ligament, costoclavicular ligament

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5
Q

describe the acromioclavicular joint?

A

lateral aspect of clav + facet on anteromedial border of acromion (scap)

3 axes, no muscle attachment so all passive

loose but strong capsule

ligament; coracoclavicular ligament

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6
Q

describe the glenohumeral joint?

A

head of humerus + glenoid fossa (scap)

ball and socket (shallow=unstable)

capsule= loose sleeve

ligaments; coracohumeral ligament, coracoacromial ligament, superior glenohumeral ligament, middle glenohumeral ligament, inferior glenohumeral ligament, transverse glenohumeral ligament

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7
Q

name the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

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8
Q

what is the primary function of rotator cuff muscles?

A

hold the humeral head in place as the joint is shallow (as ligaments do)

prevent sliding/grinding when shoulder joint is moving

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9
Q

what 2 muscles abduct the arm at the shoulder joint?

A 
supraspinatus 
deltoid (lateral)
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10
Q

what 4 muscles adduct the arm at the shoulder joint?

A

coracobrachialis
pectoralis major
latissimus dorsi
teres major

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11
Q

what 4 muscles flex the arm at the shoulder joint?

A

pectoralis major
deltoid (anterior)
coracobrachialis
biceps brachii (long head)

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12
Q

what 5 muscles extend the arm at the shoulder joint?

A 
latissimus dorsi
teres major
pectoralis major
deltoid (posterior)
triceps brachii
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13
Q

what 5 muscles medially rotate the arm at the shoulder joint?

A 
subscapularis
teres major
latissimus dorsi
pectoralis major
deltoid (anterior)
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14
Q

what 3 muscles laterally rotate the arm at the shoulder joint?

A

teres minor
infraspinatus
deltoid (posterior)

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15
Q

what 2 muscles protract the shoulder gridle?

A

serratus anterior

pectoralis minor

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16
Q

what 3 muscles retract the shoulder girdle?

A

rhomboid minor
rhomboid major
trapezius

17
Q

what 2 muscles elevate the shoulder girdle?

A

trapezius

levator scapulae

18
Q

what 2 muscles depress the shoulder girdle?

A

trapezius

pectoralis minor

19
Q

what 2 muscles upward rotate the shoulder girdle?

A

trapezius

serratus anterior

20
Q

what 4 muscles downward rotate the shoulder girdle?

A

rhomboid major
rhomboid minor
pectoralis minor
levator scapulae

21
Q

biceps brachii (long head)?

A

origin= bicipital groove between humerus
tubercles

insertion= heads converge to insert at radial process

assists flexion of shoulder joint

22
Q

coracobrachialis?

A

origin= coracoid process of scapula

Insertion= middle 1/3 medial humerus (deep to SH BB)

Adducts and flexes shoulder joint

23
Q

Deltoid (anterior)?

A

Origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus (common tendon)

Flexes/medially rotates shoulder joint

24
Q

Deltoid (lateral)?

A

Origin: acromion of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus (common tendon)

Abducts shoulder joint

25
Q

Deltoid (posterior)?

A

Origin: spine of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus (common tendon)

Extends/laterally rotates shoulder joint

26
Q

Infraspinatus?

A

Origin: infraspinatus fossa of scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus (deep to deltoid)

Laterally rotates shoulder joint

27
Q

Latissimus dorsi?

A

Origin: spinous processes t7-t12,l1-l5+ lateral of 9-12 ribs/posterior iliac crest

Insertion: intertubercular suclus of humerus

Adduction/medial rotation/extension of shoulder joint

28
Q

Levator scapulae?

A

Origin: transverse processes c1-c2/ posterior transverse processes c3-c4

Insertion: superior angle of scapula

Elevation/downwards rotation of shoulder girdle

29
Q

Pectoralis major?

A

Origin: anterior of medial half clavicle/manubrium/sternum body/superior 6 costal cartilages/aponeurosis external ab oblique

Insertion: crest of greater humerus tubercle

Adduction/medial rotation shoulder joint
Depression of shoulder girdle

30
Q

Pectoralis minor?

A

Origin: anterior 3rd-5th ribs

Insertion: coracoid process of scapula

Protraction/downwards rotation

31
Q

Rhomboid minor?

A

Origin: nuchal ligament/spinous processes c7-t1

Insertion: medial border scapula (adjacent to spine)

Retraction/downwards rotation

32
Q

Rhomboid major?

A

Origin: spinous processes t2-t5

Insertion: medial border scapula (inferior to spine)

Retraction/downwards rotation

33
Q

Serratus anterior?

A

Origin: anterior surfaces 1st-9th ribs

Insertion: medial border scapula

Protraction/upwards rotation shoulder girdle

34
Q

Subscapularis?

A

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula (anterior side)

Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

Medial rotation

35
Q

Supraspinatus?

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula (superior to scapula spine)

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Abduction of shoulder joint

36
Q

Teres minor?

A

Origin: posterior aspect of superior half of lateral border of scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Lateral rotation/transverse abduction of shoulder joint

37
Q

Teres major?

A

Origin: posterior aspect of inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: crest of lesser tubercle of humerus

Abduction/medial rotation of shoulder joint

38
Q

Triceps brachii (long head)?

A

Origin: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: olecranon of ulna

Extends shoulder joint

39
Q

Trapezius?

A

3 parts- descending, transverse, ascending

Origin:
Descending= spinous process c7/ nuchal line of occipital bone
Transverse= spinous processes c7-t4
Ascending= spinous processes t5-t12

Insertion:
Descending= posterior aspect lateral 1/3 clavicle/acromion of scapula
Transverse= acromion/medial half scapula spine
Ascending= medial half of scapula spine

Retraction (D,T,A)/ elevation (D), depression (A), upwards rotation (D, A)

PT0406-Anatomy (11 decks)

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