Anatomy of the Knee Flashcards
Adductor Magnus?
Inferior pubic ramus/ramus of ischium/ischial tuberosity
Gluteal tuberosity/Linea aspers/medial supracondylar line/adductor tubercle
Adducts/flexes/extends thigh at hip
Biceps femoris?
Long head- ischeal tuberosity
Short head- Linea aspera
Head of fibula
Flexes/laterally rotates knee
Semitendinosus?
Ischial tuberosity (same as bf)
Medial of superior part of tibia
Flexes/medially rotates knee
Semimembranosus?
Ischial tuberosity
Medial condyle of tibia (deep to ST)
Flexes/medially rotates knee
Sartorius?
Anterior super iliac spine
Medial aspect of proximal part of tibia
Flexes/medially rotates knee joint
Gastrocnemius?
2 heads- medial and lateral condyles of femur
Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Flexes knee/plantarflexion
Gracilis?
Body of pubis
Medial aspect of superior tibia
Flexes/medially rotates knee
Popliteus?
Groove for popliteus on lateral condyle of femur
Posterior surface of tibia superior to soleal line
Unlocks knee at start of knee flexion
What 7 muscles flex the knee?
Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Gracilis Sartorius Gastrocnemius Popliteus
What 4 muscles extend the knee?
Rectus femoris
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius?
Anterior/lateral femur body
Tibial tuberosity via quads tendon
Extends knee
Vastus medialis?
Medial intertrochanteric line/medial to Linea aspera
Tibial tuberosity via quads tendon
Extends knee
Vastus lateralis?
Intertrochanteric line/greater trochanter/ later lip of Linea aspera
Tibial tuberosity via quads tendon
Extends knee
Rectus femoris?
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Tibial tuberosity via quads tendon
Extends knee joint
ACL?
Controls forward movement of knee, prevents excessive internal rotation and hyperextension, and valgus forces
Anterior
Lateral femoral condyle to medial of intercondylar region of tibia
PCL?
Controls backwards movement of the knee
Medial femoral condyle to intercondylar region of tibia
Strongest ligament in the knee
MCL?
Controls sideways movements of knee
Medial epicondyle to medial meniscus/tibial plateau
Prevents excessive rotation, but allows some medial rotation
LCL?
Controls sideways movements of knee
Lateral epicondyle of femur to fibula head
Prevents tibia turning inwards and misaligning with femur
ITB (illeotibial band)?
Lateral epicondyle of femur to lateral tibial plateau
Band of deep fascia
Stabilises knee
Medial/lateral meniscus?
C shaped pieces of cartilage that act as a shock absorber for the tibiofemoral joint
Either side of ACL/PCL
patellofemoral joint?
lateral/medial articular facets of patella + lateral/medial condyles of the femur
plane joint
up/down sliding primarily
superior tibiofibular joint?
fibular articular facet of tibia + articular facet of head of fibula
flexion/extension
tibio-femoral joint?
medial/lateral articular facets of femur + medial/lateral articular facets of tibia
largest synovial joint in body
hinge joint
flexion/extension, medial/lateral rotation in flexed position
