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Learn Muscles > anatomy of the pelvis, SIJ, hip, Lumbosacral plexus > Flashcards

anatomy of the pelvis, SIJ, hip, Lumbosacral plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Seven muscles are involved in hip flexion and four others assist: name them

A

Psoas Major
Iliacus
Tensor fascia latae
Sartorius
Rectus Femoris
Gluteus Medius (anterior fibres)
Gluteus Minimus
Adductor Longus (assists)
Pectineus assists
Adductor Brevis (assists)
Adductor Magnus (assists)

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2
Q

Six muscles are involved in hip extension: name them

A

Gluteus Maximus (all fibers)
Biceps Femoris (long head)
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Adductor Magnus (posterior fibers)
Gluteus Medius (posterior fibres)

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3
Q

Eight muscles are involved in hip medial rotation and two others assist: name them

A

Gluteus Medius (anterior fibers)
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor fascia latae
Adductor Magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor Brevis
Pectineus
Gracilis
Semitendinosus (assists)
Semimembranosus (assists)

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4
Q

Eleven muscles are involved in hip lateral rotation and one other assists: name them

A

Gluteus Maximus (all fibers)
Piriformis
Quadratus Femoris
Obturator internus
Obturator externus
Gemellus Superior
Gemellus Inferior
Gluteus Medius (posterior fibres)
Psoas major
Iliacus
Sartorius
Biceps Femoris long head… assists)

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5
Q

Six muscles are involved in hip abduction: name them

A

Gluteus Maximus (all fibres)
Gluteus medius (all fibers)
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor fascia latae
Sartorius
Piriformis (when the hip is flexed)

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6
Q

Six muscles are involved in hip adduction: name them

A

adductor magnus
adductor longus
adductor brevis
pectineus
Gracilis
Gluteus Maximus (lower fibres)

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7
Q

Quadratus Femoris Group : actions and innervation

A

All fibers: extend the knee
Rectus femoris: flex the hip

innervated by Femoral L2, L3, L4

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8
Q

Quadratus Femoris Group : insertions

A

Rectus Femoris: ASIS
Vastus Medialis : medial lip of linea aspera
Vastus Lateralis: lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, greater trochanter
Vastus Intermedius: anterior and lateral shaft of femur.

All insert at the tibial tuberosity via the patellar and patellar ligament

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9
Q

Biceps Femoris: actions and innervation

A

Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
tilt the pelvis posteriorly
Laterally rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint)
The long head extends the hip (coaxal joint).
The long head assists to laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by: Long head - sciatic L5, S1, S2, S3
short head - sciatic L5, S1, S2

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10
Q

Biceps Femoris: insertions

A

Long Head ischial tuberosity; short head lateral lip of linea aspera

both insert on head of the fibula

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11
Q

Semitendinosus: actions and innervation

A

Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
tilt the pelvis posteriorly
Medially rotating the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Extends the hip (coaxal joint).
assists in medially rotating the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, L5, S1, S2

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12
Q

Semitendinosus: insertions

A

ischial tuberosity and proximal, medial shaft of tibia at per anserinus tendon

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13
Q

Semimembranosus: actions and innervation

A

Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
tilt the pelvis posteriorly
Medially rotating the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Extends the hip (coaxal joint).
assists in medially rotating the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, L5, S1, S2

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14
Q

Semitendinosus: insertions

A

ischial tuberosity and posterior aspect of the medial condyle of the tibia

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15
Q

Gluteus Maximus: actions and innervation

A

All fibers: extend the hip
laterally rotate the hip (coaxal joint)
Abduct the hip (coaxal joint)
lower fibers: adduct the hip (coaxal joint)

innervated by inferior gluteal L5, S1, S2

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16
Q

Gluteus Maximus: insertions

A

coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
inserting on the iliotibial tract (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)

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17
Q

Gluteus Medius: actions and innervation

A

All fibers: abduct the hip
Anterior fibers:
flex the hip (coxal joint)
Medially rotate the hip (coaxal joint)
posterior fibers:
extend the hip (coxal joint)
laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by superior gluteal L4, L5, S1

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18
Q

Gluteus Medius: insertions

A

origin on the gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just above the iliac crest
inserting on lateral aspect of greater trochanter

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19
Q

Gluteus Minimus: actions and innervation

A

Abduct the hip (coxal joint)
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
Flex the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by Superior gluteal L4, L5, S1

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20
Q

Gluteus Minimus: insertions

A

the gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines and
anterior aspect of greater trochanter

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21
Q

Adductor Magnus: actions and innervation

A

adduct the hip
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
assist to flex the hip (coxal joint)
posterior fibres: extend the hip

innervated by : obturator L2, L3, L4 and sciatic L4, L5, S1

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22
Q

Adductor Magnus: insertions and origin

A

inferior ramus of pubis; ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity inserting on medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

23
Q

Adductor Longus: actions and innervation

A

adduct the hip
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
assist in flexing the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by : obturator L2, L3, L4

24
Q

Adductor Longus: insertions and origin

A

pubic tubercle and medial lip of linea aspera

25
Q

Adductor Brevis: actions and innervation

A

adduct the hip
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
assist in flexing the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by : obturator L2, L3, L4

26
Q

Adductor Brevis: insertions and origin

A

inferior ramus of pubis
inserts at the pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

27
Q

Pectineus: actions and innervation

A

adduct the hip
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
assist in flexing the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by: femoral and obturator L2, L3, L4

28
Q

Pectineus: insertions and origin

A

superior ramus of pubis
pectineal line of femur

29
Q

Gracilis: actions and innervation

A

adduct the hip
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint)

innervated by: obturator L2, L3, L4

30
Q

Gracilis: insertions and origin

A

inferior ramus of pubis and
the proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

31
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae: actions and innervation

A

Flex the hip (coxal joint)
medially rotate the hip (coxal joint)
abduct the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by Superior gluteal L4, L5, S1

32
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae: Origin and insertion

A

iliac crest, posterior to ASIS
iliotibial tract

33
Q

Satorius: actions and innervation

A

Flex the hip (coxal joint)
laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)
Abduct the hip (coxal joint)
Flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint)

innervated by Femoral L2, L3 L4

34
Q

Sartorius: origin and insertion

A

anterior superior iliac spine
proximal medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon

35
Q

Piriformis: actions and innervation

A

Laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)
abduct the hip - when hip is flexed

innervated by sacral plexus L5, S1, S2

36
Q

Piriformis: origin and insertion

A

anterior surface of sacrum
superior aspect of greater trochanter

37
Q

Quadratus femoris: actions and innervation

A

Laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by sacral plexus L4, L5, S1, S2

38
Q

Quadratus femoris: origin and insertion

A

lateral border of ischial tuberosity

intertrochanteric crest between greater and lesser trochanters

39
Q

obturator Internus: actions and innervation

A

Laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by sacral plexus L5, S1, S2

40
Q

obturator Internus: origin and insertion

A

obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen

medial surface of greater trochanter

41
Q

obturator Externus: actions and innervation

A

Laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by obturator L3, L4

42
Q

obturator Externus: origin and insertion

A

rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane
trochanteric fossa of femur

43
Q

Gemellus Superior: actions and innervation

A

Laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by sacral plexus L5, S1, S2

44
Q

Gemellus Superior: origin and insertion

A

ischial spine
medial surface of greater trochanter

45
Q

Gemellus Inferior: actions and innervation

A

Laterally rotate the hip (coxal joint)

innervated by sacral plexus L4, L5, S1, S2

46
Q

Gemellus Inferior: origin and insertion

A

ischial tuberosity
medial surface of greater trochanter

47
Q

Psoas Major: actions and innervation

A

(with origin fixed) flex the hip (coxal joint)
laterally rotate the hip

with insertion fixed:
flex the trunk toward the thigh
tilt the pelvis anteriorly

assist to laterally flex the lumbar spine

innervated by lumbar plexus L1, L2,L3, L4

48
Q

Psoas Major: origin and insertion

A

bodies of transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae

lesser trochanter

49
Q

Iliacus: actions and innervation

A

(with origin fixed) flex the hip (coxal joint)
laterally rotate the hip

with insertion fixed:
flex the trunk toward the thigh
tilt the pelvis anteriorly

innervated by femoral L1, L2,L3, L4

50
Q

Iliacus: origin and insertion

A

iliac fossa
lesser trochanter

51
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

Sartorius; Adductor longus; Inguinal Ligament

52
Q

what is the name of the vein that empties into the femoral vein at the femoral triangle?

A

Great Saphenous Vein

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