Anatomy of the Male Reproductive Tract Flashcards
what is the spongy urethra enclosed in in the penis
corpus spongiosum
what is the purpose of the internal urethral sphincter
prevent retrograde ejaculation
formed by teh detrusor muscle around the internal urethral orifice
where do the testes originate
on the posterior wall of teh abdominal cavity
what is the gubernaculum
a fibrous cord that attaches the gonads to the future scrotum/labia and guides their descent during embryological development
outline the descent of the testes - starting with the development of the gubernaculum
- gubernaculum attaches testes to scrotum
- testes descend and enter the scrotum through the inguinal canal
- an outpocketing of of peritoneum (the processes vaginalis) comes down with the gubernaculum, and takes with it 3 layers of abdominal wall muscle - transversalis fascia, internal and external oblique
- these form the layers of the spermatic cord: internal spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia and external; respectively
- the testicle follows down to the scrotum
what happens to the processus vaginalis after the testes descend
proximal end disappears
distal end becomes the tunica vaginalis around the teste
what are the two layers of tunica vaginalis
parietal layer and visceral layer that covers the epidydmis and the testis
where is the fluid contained in hydrocele
inbetween th 2 layers of tunica vaginalis
why are the testis kept outside the body
temperature is 1 degree below core temperature - better for spermatogenesis
whichmuscle contracts teh testis in cold conditions
dartos muscle - smooth muscle
where do the right and left testicular veins drain
right drains to IVC, left drains into left renal vein then to IVC
at what vertebral level do the gonadal arteries come off the aorta
L2
what does the seminal gland produce
seminal fluid
what sugar does the seminal fluid contain, and why
fructose, to provide sperm with energy (have mitochondria in their tail)
what is the function of the bulbourethral gland (Cowper’s gland)
mucus secretion, lubrictae urethra and neutralise acidity
what is the ejaculatory duct formed from
vas deferens and duct from seminal gland
where does the ejaculatory duct open into
prostatic urethra
how do glandular secretions from the prostate drain into the prostatic urethra
through prostatic ducts
which muscle does the inferior aspect of the prostate come into contact with
levator ani
is the anatomical position of the penis erect or not?
erect
what passes throguh the corpus spongiosum
spongy urethra, expands distally to form the glans penis
what does the corpus cavernosum transmit
deep arteries of the penis
outline the blood supply to the penis
deep arteries of the penis - branches from internal pudendal artery - internal iliac artery
outline the blood supply to the scrotum
from internal pudendal artery (internal iliac a) and external iliac artery
where does lymph from the scrotum and penis drain to
superficial inguinal nodes
where does lymph from the testes drain to
lumbar nodes around abdominal aorta
