Anatomy of the Hip (coxae) + pelvis Flashcards
Describe the differences between the anatomical differences between the male and female pelvis
Pelvic Inlet Shape: The female pelvis typically exhibits a wider and more oval or rounded inlet, known medically as a gynecoid pelvis. This morphological adaptation facilitates parturition. In contrast, the male pelvis often displays a heart-shaped or narrower pelvic inlet.
Pelvic Cavity: The pelvic cavity in females is generally broader and more shallow than in males. This difference is attributed to the requirement for accommodating fetal development during pregnancy.
Subpubic Angle: The subpubic angle, or the angle formed below the pubic symphysis, is notably wider in females, often exceeding 80 degrees, which is a reflection of obstetric necessities. In males, this angle is more acute, typically less than 70 degrees.
Sacrum and Coccyx: In females, the sacrum is shorter, wider, and exhibits a lesser curvature compared to males. This positioning contributes to a larger pelvic outlet. The coccyx in females is also more movable, which is an evolutionary adaptation for childbirth.
Obturator Foramen and Acetabulum: The obturator foramen, an opening in the pelvis through which nerves and blood vessels pass, is larger and more oval in females. The acetabulum, which houses the head of the femur, is directed more anteriorly in females, aiding in the accommodation of a wider pelvis.
Greater Sciatic Notch: Females generally have a wider greater sciatic notch, which is linked to the broader pelvis and the need for enhanced obstetric capacity.
Overall Pelvic Structure: The overall structure of the female pelvis is designed to support gestational requirements, characterized by lighter bones and more expanded dimensions to facilitate childbirth. The male pelvis, on the other hand, is more robust and narrower, aligned with the greater muscular and skeletal mass typical of males.
what is the ‘divider’ between the abdomen and the pelvis. Similar to how diaphragm separates the thorax and the abdomen.
parietal peritoneum separates the abdomen and pelvis
n.b. The parietal peritoneum (PP) is innervated by somatic and visceral afferent nerves
what is the hollowed socket which articulates with the hip bone
Acetabulum is the hollowed socket which articulates with the hip bone
______ cartilage is the ‘y-shaped’ structure within the acetabulum
* All 3 bones of the hip bone fuse at this junction
Ossifies at _____ years of age
- Triradiate cartilage is the ‘y-shaped’ structure within the acetabulum
- All 3 bones of the hip bone fuse at this junction
Ossifies at 12-18 years of age
what is 3 bones is hip made up of
The hip bone is comprised of the three parts; the ilium, pubis and ischium.
Review the ligaments of the pelvis
Identify the position of the inguinal canal and the contents of the inguinal canal in the male and female pelvis
Identify the muscles making the floor of the pelvis and identify the structures and arrangement of the urogenital and anal triangles in the male and female pelvis
Review the blood supply to the pelvis
Locate the branches of the lumbosacral plexus
which bone helps to form the lesser sciatic notch
ischium
(lesser sciatic notch is boundary between is ischial spine + ischial tuberosity (sit bones))
within which structure would we find the triradiate cartillage
acetabulum
the false pelvis sits ___ the arcuate line
the false pelvis sits ABOVE the arcuate line
below arcuat line u will find true pelvis
Define sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism refers to the phenotypic differentiation between males and females of the same species. This differentiation is particularly evident in secondary sexual characteristics, which are not directly involved in reproduction. In humans, sexual dimorphism manifests in various physical attributes, including, but not limited to, body size, structure, and the skeletal system
the sacrum articulates with the pelvis at what bony landmark?
auricular surface is where the sacrum articulates with the pelvis
