ANATOMY OF THE HEART

Question 1

A closed system of the heart and blood vessels

Answer 1

Cardiovascular system

Question 2

The heart is located in the ___, between the lungs in the inferior mediastinum

Answer 2

Thoracic cavity

Question 3

directed toward left hip and rests on the diaphragm

Answer 3

Apex

Question 4

points toward right shoulder

Answer 4

Base

Question 5

Which ribs is the heart enclosed in?

Answer 5

2nd to 5th rib

Question 6

The loudest heart sound can be found at the

Answer 6

PMI (point of maximal intensity)

Question 7

The PMI can be found where?

Answer 7

left midclavicular line, 5th intercostal space

Question 8

double walled sac that encloses the heart

Answer 8

Pericardium

Question 9

loosely fitting superficial part; helps protect the heart and anchors it to surrounding structures, such as the diaphragm and sternum

Answer 9

Fibrous pericardium

Question 10

slippery, two-layer deep into the fibrous pericardium

Answer 10

Serous pericardium

Question 11

lines the interior of the fibrous pericardium

Answer 11

Parietal pericardium

Question 12

innermost layer of the pericardium and the outermost layer of the heart wall

Answer 12

Visceral pericardium

Question 13

Other name for visceral pericardium?

Answer 13

Epicardium

Question 14

consists of thick bundles of cardiac muscle twisted and whorled into ringlike arrangements; layer that actually contracts

Answer 14

Myocardium

Question 15

is a thin, glistening sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers

Answer 15

Endocardium

Question 16

Which ventricle forms most of the heart’s anterior surface?

Answer 16

Right ventricle

Question 17

septum that divides the heart longitudinally, or the atria

Answer 17

Interatrial septum

Question 18

divides the ventricles

Answer 18

Interventricular septum

Question 19

Which side works as the pulmonary circuit pump?

Answer 19

Right

Question 20

receives oxygen-poor blood from the veins of the body and pumps it out through the pulmonary trunk

Answer 20

large superior vena cava and inferior vena cava

Question 21

carry oxygen-poor blood to the lungs, where it will be oxygenated

Answer 21

Pulmonary artery

Question 22

receives the oxygen-rich blood which was drained from the lungs

Answer 22

Pulmonary veins

Question 23

The left side of the heart works as the ___ circuit pump

Answer 23

Systemic

Question 24

where the oxygenated blood is returned and flows into the left ventricle

Answer 24

Left atrium

Question 25

branch that supplies the oxygenated blood to the tissues

Answer 25

Aorta

Question 26

where oxygen-poor blood passes through to be circulated back to the right atrium

Answer 26

Systemic veins

Question 27

allow blood to flow in only one direction through the heart chambers

Answer 27

Heart valves

Question 28

are located between the atria and ventricles on each side; prevent backflow into the atria when the ventricles contract

Answer 28

Atrioventricular (AV) valves

Question 29

consists of two flaps, or cusps, of endocardium

Answer 29

Bicuspid valve (mitral)

Question 30

has three cusps that anchor the cusps to the walls of the ventricles

Answer 30

Tricuspid valve

Question 31

When the heart is relaxed, the AV valve cusps are

Answer 31

Opened

Question 32

As the ventricles contract, the AV valve cusps are forced upwards, causing it to

Answer 32

Close

Question 33

What anchors the cusps in a closed position during contraction?

Answer 33

Chordae tendinae

Question 34

guards the bases of the two large arteries leaving the ventricular chambers

Answer 34

Semilunar valves

Question 35

Two types of semilunar valves

Answer 35

pulmonary and aortic

Question 36

When the ventricles are contracting, the cusps in the semilunar valves are

Answer 36

open

Question 37

When the ventricles relax, the cusps in the semilunar valves are

Answer 37

Closed

Question 38

True or false: Blood in the heart nourishes the myocardium

Answer 38

False. The heart has its own nourishing circulatory system

Question 39

branch from the aorta to supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood

Answer 39

Coronary arteries

Question 40

drain the myocardium of blood

Answer 40

Cardiac veins

Question 41

a large vein on the posterior of the heart; receives blood from cardiac veins

Answer 41

Coronary sinus