Anatomy of the Hand and Wrist Flashcards
What are the carpal wrist bones?
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
What are the two surfaces of the hand named?
Volar/palmar aspect and dorsal aspect
Aside from the carpal bones, what other bones make up the hand?
Radius, ulna
Metacarpals, phalanges
What bone is implicated in base of thumb OA?
Trapezium
What is the blood supply to the trapezius like?
Retrograde (distal to proximal)
What can occur due to fracture to the scaphoid?
Avascular necrosis - bone lacks blood supply and dies
What is mostly likely to occur when people fall on an outstretched hand?
Younger patients - scaphoid fracture (check for scaphoid tenderness)
Older patients - wrist fractures
Where does the FDS attach to?
Either side of the middle phalanx
How do you test for the FSP?
Hold other fingers straight as FDP has a common muscle belly, flex finger at PIPJ to test its function
What are contained within the 6 extensor compartments in the wrist?
Compartment 1 - extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus
Compartment 2 - Extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus
Compartment 3 - Extensor pollicis longus
Compartment 4 - extensor digitorum and extensor indicis
Compartment 5 - extensor digiti minimi
Compartment 6 - extensor carpi ulnaris
How do you performs Allen’s test?
Occlude radial and ulnar arteries at the wrist
Open and release fist until blanched
Release ulnar artery and should reperfuse within 15 seconds
When would you perform Allen’s test?
Before using radial artery for repeated ABG’s or arterial lines
What kind of joint is the glenohumeral joint and what movements can take place at it?
Ball and socket
Flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction
What kind of joint is the elbow joint and what movements can take place at it?
Hinge
Flexion and extension
What kind of joint is the proximal and distal radio-ulnar joint joint and what movements can take place at it?
Pivot
Pronation and supination
