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Head & Neck > Anatomy of the Ear > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What is Otalgia?

A

Ear pain

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2
Q

What is in the middle ear?

A

Air filled cavity, with 3 ossicles and lined with respiratory epithelium

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3
Q

What is in the inner ear?

A

Fluid filled cavity, cochlea and semicircular canals(3)

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4
Q

What is another name for the Eustachian tube?

A

Pharyngotympanic tube

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5
Q

Which nerves carry general sensory to the external ear?

A

Cervical spine 2/3, Vagus and Trigeminal nerves

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6
Q

What is Ramsey-Hunt syndrome?

A

Facial nerve palsy on one side of the face and associated rash on the ear

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7
Q

What is a pinna haematoma?

A

Accumulation of blood between the cartilage and its overlying perichondrium

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8
Q

How long is the external acoustic meatus?

A

2.5cm

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9
Q

Define otitis externa

A

Inflammation of the external ear canal, may be infective

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10
Q

Which direction does the apex of the tympanic membrane usually point?

A

Medially

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11
Q

What is cholesteatoma ?

A

Retraction of the pars flaccida at the superior tympanic membrane, traps stratified squamous epithelium and keratin. Can be serious due to erosion of bone.

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12
Q

What type of joints connect the ossicles?

A

Synovial joints

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13
Q

What is the name of the membrane that the stapes communicates with?

A

Oval Window

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14
Q

Which 2 muscles tamper the movement of the ossicles?

A

Tensor tympani and stapedius

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15
Q

Define Otosclerosis

A

Common cause of hearing loss in young adults caused by abnormal bone growth on the stapes, presents with conductive hearing loss

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16
Q

What is otitis media with effusion?

A

dysfunction of the eustachian tube causing fluid and negative pressure to build in middle ear.

17
Q

How is otitis media with effusion treated?

A

Most resolve spontaneously in 2-3 months, but if it persists may require grommets (tympanostomy tube)

18
Q

Name 2 bacteria that cause Acute otitis media

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae

19
Q

Name 2 complications of Acute otitis media

A

Tympanic membrane perforation and mastoiditis

20
Q

How does movement of fluid in the cochlea cause sound to be heard?

A

fluid moves stereocilia in the spiral organ of corti which triggers action potentials in the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN 8)

21
Q

What is Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ?

A

Short episodes of vertigo triggered by movement of the head

22
Q

What is the frequency of a tuning fork?

A

512 Hz

Head & Neck (17 decks)

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