Anatomy of Ear and Pharynx

Question 1

What is the canal leading the outside ear (concha) to the tympanic membrane?

Answer 1

External Auditory Meatus

Question 2

What gland produces ear wax?

Answer 2

Ceruminous glands in external auditory meatus

Question 3

What are the three layers of tissue in the tympanic membrane?

Answer 3

Cutaneous (outer), Fibrous (intermediate), and Mucus (inner)

Question 4

What are the main structures of the tympanic membrane? (top to bottom)

Answer 4

pars Flaccida
Malleus
Umbo (most depressed, center point)
Cone of light
pars Tensa
(FMUCT)

Question 5

What are the middle ear bones?

Answer 5

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

Question 6

What are the three main sections of the pharynx?

Answer 6

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx

Question 7

What are the main structures of the Nasopharynx?

Answer 7

• Frontal and Sphenoidal Sinuses
• Superior, Middle, and Inferior Concha
• Pituitary Gland
• Opening of pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

Question 8

What are the main structures in the oropharynx and palate?

Answer 8

• Hard and soft palate, Uvula
• Palatine Tonsils bound by Palatoglossal and Palatopharyngeal Arches
• Genioglossal muscle
• Foramen Cecum, Lingual Tonsils

Question 9

What are the main structures in the Laryngopharynx?

Answer 9

• Epiglottis

- Thyroid and Cricoid cartilages

Question 10

Mechanism of swallowing?

Answer 10

• Bolus moved from tongue to fauces (entrance of oropharynx)
• Palato-glossal/pharyngeus muscles squeeze bolus into oropharynx and elevate soft palate/uvula to close nasopharynx entrance
• Muscles raise pharynx, close larynx so bolus does not enter epiglottis
• Serial contraction of pharyngeal muscles move bolus into esophagus

Question 11

What are the main two structures of the outer ear?

Answer 11

Auricle (outside) and Concha (inside)