Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1MB Principles > Anatomy - MSK > Flashcards

Anatomy - MSK Flashcards

1
Q

Bones of axial skeleton

A

Bones of skull, neck, trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bones of appendicular skeleton

A

Bones of pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bones of hand

A 
Carpal bones (wrist), metacarpals (palm),
phalanges (fingers)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is bone made of?

A

Hard, connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Functions of bones

A

Support and protection of organs
Calcium metabolism
RBC formation
Attachment for skeletal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is cartilage located?

A

Where mobility is required e.g. at articulations (joints)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do skeletal muscles contract?

A

To move the bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are skeletal muscles located?

A

Underneath the deep fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are skeletal muscles covered with?

A

Tough fibrous connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Layers of the skin

A 
Epidermis 
Dermis 
Fascia 
Superficial fascia 
Deep fascia 
Skeletal muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Examples of synovial joints

A

Hip, shoulder, elbow, knees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Examples of cartilagenous joints

A

Intervertebral discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Examples of fibrous joints

A

Suture joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do long bones form?

A

Endochondral ossification

Small hyaline cartilage ossifies (turns into bone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

State the order of bone contents

A

Epiphysis
Epiphyseal growth plate
Metaphysis
Diaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Compare outer and inner cortex of bone

A

Outer: dense, strong, heavy, compact, cortical bone

Inner: pores, weaker, lighter, spongy, trabecular/cancellos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What supplies the compact bone?

A

Periosteum

18
Q

What supplies both the compact and spongy bone?

A

Nutrient vessels

19
Q

What are fontanelles

A

Wide sutures in the neonatal skull

Allows for growing frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital bones to slide over each other

Makes baby’s head smaller during delivery (molding)

20
Q

What is the articular surface of synovial joint covered with?

What is wrapped around the joint?

A

Hyaline cartilage

A capsule

21
Q

What is synovial joint supported by?

A

Ligaments

22
Q

How is synovial joint associated with bursae?

A

Prevents friction

23
Q

What unites synovial joints

A

Joint articular capsule composed of an outer fibrous layer lined by a serous synovial membrane

24
Q

What unites fibrous joints

A

Fibrous tissue

25
Q

What unites cartilaginous joints

A

Hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

26
Q

Example of a hinge joint

A

Elbow, knee

27
Q

Example of a ball and socket joint

A

Hip

Shoulder

28
Q

Example of a saddle joint

A

Trapeziometacarpal joint at the base of your thumb

29
Q

Function of skeletal muscle

A

Move the origin and insertion closer together during contraction

During contraction, muscle fibres shorten along the long axis between the origin & insertion

30
Q

Define paralysis

A

A muscle without a functioning motor nerve

31
Q

Define spasticity

A

The muscle has an intact and functioning motor nerve. It is the descending controls from the brain are not working

32
Q

Tone in paralysis

A

Reduced tone/resistance to stretch. I.e feels floppy

33
Q

Tone in spasticity

A

Increased tone over contraction. I.e tight

muscle

34
Q

Define atrophy. Give an example

A

Wasting of the muscles. Muscle fibres (myocytes) become smaller, reducing the muscle’s bulk

Develops as a result of inactivity:
Immobilisation after fracture
Damage to motor nerve supply
Couch potato

35
Q

Define hypertrophy.

A

Skeletal muscles enlarge

Each individual myocyte enlarges

36
Q

Longer muscle fibres

A

Greater potential range of shortening

Greater potential range of movement produced at joint

37
Q

Give an example of circular muscle

A

Surrounds a body opening: Orbicularis oculi

38
Q

Give an example of pennate muscle

A

Feather like: Deltoid

39
Q

Give an example of fusiform muscle

A

Thick belly with tapered ends: Biceps brachii

40
Q

Give an example of a flat muscle with aponeurosis

A

Parallel fibers with a flat broad tendon: External oblique

41
Q

Give an example of a quadrate muscle

A

4 equal sides: Rectus abdominus

1MB Principles (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions