Anatomy Module 3 Flashcards
What is tight junction in cell adhesion
Proteins bind lipids, tighten junctions, block passage, protect from lumen substances
What is gap junction in cell adhesion
Transmembrane proteins from channels: ion passage aids communication (cilia)
What are desmosomes?
CAM’s and proteoglycans link skin membrane: desmosomes cause peeling of damaged skin.
specialized adhesive protein complexes that localize to intercellular junctions and are responsible for maintaining the mechanical integrity of tissues.
What are spot desmosomes
Stabilizes the shape of the cell
What are hemidesmosomes
Attaches cell to extra cellular filaments, anchors to underlying tissues
What are supporting connective tissues?
- Hyaline cartilage: (nose trachea and ending of long bones)
- elastic cartilage: (flexible found in ear)
- fibrocartilage: (thick collagen found in vertrabral disks
- bone
What are the 3 types of loose connective tissue:
- Areolar tissue : gel like matrix with all 3 fibers
- adipose tissue: stores fat and insulates
- reticular tissue : supportive structuerly
What are the two types of dense connective tissue?
Dense regular: tendons and ligaments
Dense irregular: skin, and capsules of organs
What is the papillary layer?
Upper layer of dermis with dermal papillae
What is the reticular layer of the dermis?
Lower layer with dense collagen fibers providing strength and elasticity
What is hair made out of?
Dead keratinized cells
What is the function of hair?
Provides protection, sensory input, and regulation of body temp
What are nails made of.
Hard keratin.
What are the parts of the nail?
Nail plate, nail bed, cuticle, and matrix
What is the purpose of the nail
Protects tips of fingers, enhances fine touch and aids in grasping.
What are the 5 types of glands?
- endocrine
- exocrine
- sebaceous
- eccrine
- apocrine
What are endocrine glands?
Ductless glands that secrete hormones into the blood stream.
What are exocrine glands?
Contain ducts, or tubes to take secretions away from the gland to the surface.
What are sebaceous gland?
Produce sebum (oil) to lubricate the skin and hair
What are eccrine glands?
Found all over the body, secrete sweat for thermoregulation
What are apocrine glands?
Found in a liar and genital areas they secrete a thicker milky fluid. (Dick cheese)
What type of epithelial tissue is found in areas subject to abrasion such as the skin and mouth?
Stratified squamous
Which connective tissue type stores fat and insulates body?
Adipose tissue
What type of membrane lines the body cavities that open to the exterior?
Mucous membrane
Which layer of the epidermis is the site of cell division?
Stratum basale. (Where babies are made)
What type of gland is a sebaceous gland if it uses ducts to deliver sebum to the hair?
Exocrine gland
The upper layer of the dermis, which contains capillaries and sensory receptors is called the what?
Papillary layer.
Where are sebaceous glands located?
In teh dermis, connected to the hair follicles
Which membrane lines the body cavities that do not open to the outside?
Serous membrane
Describe the structure of simple squamous epithelium?
A single layer of flat cells
Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, hair follicles, and sweat glands?
Dermis
Describe loose connective tissue?
Contains loosely arranged fibers and many cells
What type of connective tissue is found in tendons and ligaments?
Dense regular connective tissue
Explain the structure of stratified squamous epithelium.
Multiple layers of flat cells
What is the main component of hair?
Keratin
