Anatomy Midterm 2 - Articulations Flashcards
What are the types of fibrous joints?
Suture, syndesmosis, gomphosis
What are the cartilaginous joints?
Synchodrosis, symphysis
What is synostosis?
normal ultimate fate of synchondroses; Fusion of bones and cartilage becomes ossified.
What are the symphyses of the human skeleton?
Manubriosternal, Xyphisternal, IVD, Pubic symphysis, Mental symphysis
What are the structures of the diarthroses?
Extrinsic ligaments, intrinsic ligaments, intracapsular ligamnets, tendons, fat pads, fibrocartilaginous disks (menisci)
What are extrinsic ligaments? Location?
Ligaments on the outside of bone; lateral and collateral ligament of the knee
What are intrinsic ligaments? Location?
Structural part of the fibrous joint capsule; Pubofemoral, iliofemoral, and ishciofemoral ligaments of hip bone (ox cocae)
What are intracrapsular ligaments? Location?
Totally enclosed by the fibrous joint capsule; cruciate ligaments of the knee
What are tendons? location?
Can reinforce joints; tendon of the long head of the biceps pierces fibrous joint capsule and functionally acts like an intracapsular ligament
What are fat pads? location?
pad the inner walls of joints; acetabulum and also zygapophyseal joints
What are the types of diarthroses joints?
Plane synovial joint - zygapophyseal, carpal bones
Ginglymus (hinge) joint - elbow; uniaxial
Trochoid (pivot) joint - Dens/fovia dentis; uniaxia
Bicondylar joint - atlantooccipital joints; uniaxial
Ellipsoid (condyloid) joint - distal ends of radius and ulna w/ proximal row of carpal bones; biaxial
Sellar (saddle) joint - carpometacarpal joint; multiaxial
Spheroidal (ball and socket) joint - hip joint; multiaxial
How are joints classified?
Synarthroses (immovable) - Sutures
Amphiarthroses (slightly moveable) - Syndesmoses and symphyses; Intervertebral disks
Diarthroses (highly moveable) - synovial joints; knee
