Anatomy Lab 6 Quiz- Endocrine Organs

Question 1

What endocrine layers give rise to which endocrine viscera?

Answer 1

Ectoderm

• Anterior and posterior pituitary
• Medulla of adrenal gland

Mesoderm

• Gonads
• Adrenal Cortex

Endoderm

• Thyroid
• Parathyroid
• Pancreas

Question 2

What structure is at risk of being damaged during a thyroidectomy? What are the potential ramifications?

Answer 2

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Vocal cord paralysis
Aspiration pneumonia
Decrease in voice range

Question 3

What structure rigidly attaches to the ovary and uterus, and is a remnant of the gubernaculum during development?

Answer 3

Ovarian ligament

Question 4

What are the two remnants of the gubernaculum in females? What parts of the gubernaculum do they represent?

Answer 4

The ovarian ligament and round ligament are the two remnants.

Ovarian ligament–> upper gubernaculum

Round ligament–>lower gubernaculum

Question 5

Where does the round ligament attach to, proximally and distally?

Answer 5

Uterus and labia majora

Question 6

What are the layers of the spermatic cord? What abdominal wall layers do they arise from?

Answer 6

ICE TIE

I- Internal spermatic fascia
C- Cremasteric muscle/fascia
E- External spermatic cord
T-Transversalis fascia
I-Internal oblique
E-External oblique

Question 7

What is the cremasteric reflex? How can it help rule out differentials?

Answer 7

Upon stroking the upper inner thigh, the ipsilateral teste should retract. This should not occur in testicular torsion, unlike other causes of testicular swelling.

Question 8

What important vasculature is found inside the suspensory ligament of the ovary?

Answer 8

Ovarian artery
Ovarian vein
Ovarian nerve plexus
Lymphatic vessels

Question 9

What is the remnant of the gubernaculum in men?

Answer 9

Scrotal ligament

Question 10

What are the contents of the spermatic cord?

Answer 10

Testicular artery
Vas deferens
Pampiniform plexus of veins

Question 11

What is nutcracker syndrome?

Answer 11

When the left renal vein becomes compressed between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery

Question 12

What is the difference between a varicocele, hydrocele, and testicular torsion

Answer 12

A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins in the scrotum

A hydrocele is a swelling in the scrotum due to the accumulation of fluid

A testicular torsion is a swelling in the scrotum due to rotation of the testicle, twisting the spermatic cord that brings blood into the scrotum