Anatomy Lab 4 Quiz- Perineum Flashcards
What are the two subtriangles of the perineum?
The anterior urogenital triangle and posterior anal triangle
What are the bony structures that bound the perineum?
Anterior: Pubic symphysis
Lateral: Ischiopubic rami and sacrotuberous ligament
Posterior: Coccyx and sacrum
What is the major nerve supply to the perineum?
Pudendal nerve: S2-S4
What foramina and spaces does the pudendal nerve pass through to and from the sacral plexus?
The sacral plexus leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, travels through the pudendal foramen and re-enters through the lesser sciatic foramen
What is the significance of the perineal body? What surgical process can damage it? What would the ramifications be?
The perineal body is a mass at the midline of the perineum where many perineal muscles attach. During an episiotomy, it may be damaged, which can lead to problems with the urogenital area function.
What transvaginal bony structure is an important landmark for performing a pudendal nerve block?
Ischial spine
What are the contents of the superficial and deep perineal pouches?
Superficial perineal pouch
- External genitalia
- Greater and lesser vestibular glands (women)
- Muscles
- -Superficial transverse perineal
- -Ischiocavernosus
- -Bulbospongiosus
- Erectile tissue
- -Corpus cavernosus
- -Corpus spongiosus
- -Bulb of penis
Deep Perineal Pouch
- Urethral sphincter muscles
- Bulbourethral gland (males only)
- Muscles
- -Deep transverse perineal muscle
- -External urethral sphincter
- -Sphincter urethrovaginalis
- -Compressor urethral
What is the name of the membrane that divides the deep and superficial pouches from each other?
Perineal membrane
What structures form the urogenital diaphragm?
Perineal membrane and deep perineal pouch
Starting from the skin, name the fascial layers of the penis
Superficial fascia, deep fascia (Buck’s fascia), tunica albuginea
What artery is the dorsal artery of the penis a branch of?
Internal pudendal artery
What muscles form the medial and lateral boundaries of the ischioanal fossa?
Medial: Levator ani
Lateral: Obturator internus
