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Anatomy and Physiology > Anatomy: Joints > Flashcards

Anatomy: Joints Flashcards

1
Q

bending parts at a joint so that the angle between them decreases and the parts come closer together

A

flexion

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2
Q

straightening parts at a joint so that the angle between them increases and the parts move father apart

A

extension

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3
Q

excess extension of the parts at a joint, beyond the anatomical position

A

hyper extension

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4
Q

bending the foot at the ankle toward the shin

A

dorisflexion

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5
Q

bending the foot at the ankle toward the sole

A

plantar flexion

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6
Q

moving a part away from the midline

A

abduction

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7
Q

moving a part toward the midline

A

adduction

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8
Q

moving a part around an axis (twisting the head from side to side)

A

rotation

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9
Q

moving a part so that its end follows a circular path (moving the finger in a circle)

A

circumduction

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10
Q

turning the hand so the palm is facing upward or facing anteriorly

A

supination

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11
Q

turning the hand so the palm is downward facing posteriorly

A

pronation

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12
Q

turning the foot so the sole faces laterally

A

eversion

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13
Q

turning the foot so the sole faces medially

A

inversion

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14
Q

moving a part forward (thrusting the chin forward)

A

protraction

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15
Q

moving a part backward (pulling the chin backward)

A

retraction

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16
Q

raising a part (shrugging the shoulders)

A

elevation

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17
Q

lowering a part (drooping the shoulders)

A

depression

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18
Q

what type of joint is the cranium

A

immovable

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19
Q

what type of joint is the neck

A

pivot

20
Q

what type of joint is the knee

A

hinge

21
Q

what type of joint is the shoulder

A

ball-and-socket

22
Q

what type of joint is the wrist

A

gliding

23
Q

what type of joint disorder results from over stretching or tearing the connective tissue

A

Sprain

24
Q

what type of joint disorder results from overuse of a joint or stress causes ______, inflammation of a bursa

A

Bursitis

25
Q

what type of joint disorder is a group of disorders that cause inflamed, swollen, and painful joints

A

arthritis

26
Q

An autoimmune disorder where the synovial membrane of a joint becomes inflamed and thickened

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

27
Q

Degenerative disorder results from aging or poorly healed injury, or inherited

A

Osteoarthritis (OA)

28
Q

A bacterial infection contracted form a tick bite

A

Lyme Arthritis

29
Q

what binds parts of the skeletal system, make possible bone growth, permit parts of the skeleton to change shape during birth, enables the body to move in response to skeletal contractions?

A

Joints

30
Q

Joints are classified by ______ that binds the bones at each junction

A

tissue

31
Q

What type of joint is made up of dense connective tissue holding them together contains mainly collagenous fibers

A

fibrous joints

32
Q

What type of joint is composed of hyaline or fibrocartilage, that connects the bones

A

cartilagious joints

33
Q

What type of joint composed most joints of the skeletal system and allows free movement (diarthrotic)

A

Synovial joints

34
Q

What type of joint is made up of articular cartilage, joint capsule, synovial membrane (secretes synovial fluid)

A

Synovial joints

35
Q

Joints are also grouped by the ______ of movement at the bony junctions

A

degree

36
Q

immoveable-sutures are

A

synarthrotic

37
Q

slightly moveable-vertebrae are

A

amphirthrotic

38
Q

highly moveable-shoudlers, hips

A

diarthrotic

39
Q

What type of joint is affected during aging when bones are close together causing them to fuse

A

fibrous joints

40
Q

What type of joint is affected during aging when the intervertebral disks may collapse on themselves, which reduces height in the elderly. Also range of motion decreases with stiffening of the spine

A

cartilaginous

41
Q

What type of joint is affected during aging when fewer capillaries serving the synovial membrane slow the circulation of the synovial fluid. The joint loses elasticity and stiffens.

A

Synovial

42
Q

checking both sides to test the difference in the injured side vs. the non-injured side

A

bilateral comparison

43
Q

sprain is an injury to a ______

A

ligament

44
Q

strain is an injury to a _______

A

tendon/muscle

45
Q

Injury to the medial collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament, and the medial meniscus is called

A

the Unhappy Triad

Anatomy and Physiology (4 decks)

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