Anatomy is hard Flashcards
where is trachea palpated
Jugular notch
Sternal angle at rib…
2
What level does larynx become trachea
C6
Primary muscles of inspiration
Diaphragm and intercostals
Auscultation of lung
- apex
- middle lobe
- bases
- superior to medial 1/3 clavicle
- ribs 4-6 in MCL
- scapular line posteriorly at T11 vertebral level
Horizontal and oblique fissure locations
Horizontal - follows right rib 4
Oblique - bilateral level of rib 6 anteriorly and rising to T3 posteriorly
Which nerve goes in front of and which goes behind the hilum
In front- phrenic
Behind - vagus
Where do thoracic arteries brach from
subclavian
Superior mediastinum contains
great vessels and vagus + phrenic nerves
Middle mediastinum contains
heart and great vessels, phrenic nerve
Posterior mediastinum contains
Aorta, oesophagus, azygous veins, sympathetic chain and vagus nerve
Right coronary artery supplies
RA, RV, SA/AV nodes, 1/3 septum
Left coronary artery supplies
LA, LV, AV node, 2/3 septum
Where do most cardiac veins drain to
Coronary sinus
anterior cardiac veins drain directly to RA
Where do systemic and portal venous systems drain to
Systemic - gut to IVC
Portal venous - gut to liver
Retroperitoneal structures
Kidneys, supra-renal glands, 2nd-4th parts of duodenum, pancreas, ascending and descending colon, upper 2/3 rectum
Largest branch of celiac axis
Splenic artery
Where marks change of parasympathetic control from vagus to pelvic splanchnic nerves
Distal 1/3 of transverse colon
Where does marginal artery anastemose
between SMA and IMA
Where do adenocarcinomas mainly occur
Head of pancreas
Anastemosis of pancreatic and common bile duct
Ampulla of vater
Parietal peritoneum is ____ innervated
Visceral peritoneum is ____ innervated
Parietal - somatic (localised pain)
Visceral - autonomic (referred pain)
Portal vein begins at what vertebral level
L1
What level does the spinal cord terminate at
L1/L2
At what level does the trachea bifurcate
T5
Abdominal aorta bifurcates at the level of
L4
At what level is the larynx found at in the anterior neck
C3–C6
What layer does the oesophageal wall lack
Serosa
What nerve supplies the pericardium
phrenic
What is the appendicular artery a branch of
ileocolic artery
The _____ allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the hepatic circulation.
The _____ shunts oxygenated blood from the right atrium to the left atrium, bypassing the pulmonary circulation.
ductus venous, foramen ovale
