Anatomy Introduction Test Flashcards
Abdominal cavity
Peritoneal membrane (peritoneum)
Thoracic cavity
Pleural membrane
Pericardial cavity
Pericardial membrane
The dorsal body cavity contains components of the ____ system
Nervous
What is the midsagittal plane?
Plane that divides body into equal right and left sides
In leg veins blood is flowing _____
Proximally (toward)
In arteries blood is flowing _____
Distally (away from)
An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely a(n)
physiologist
The axial portion of the body includes
dorsal and ventral cavity
What are the requirements of organisms for the maintenance of life?
water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure
Homeostasis refers to
stable internal conditions
What is an example of a homeostatic mechanism?
Shivering when body temperature drops to create movement and increase temperature
levels of organization (smallest to largest)
organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What organs occupy the pelvic cavity?
Parts of large intestine, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs
The membrane of the surface of a lung is called the
visceral pleura
When a body is placed in the anatomical position it is
Standing erect, facing forward, with upper limbs at the side, and palms forward
A part that is closer to the head than something else is said to be
superior
A section that separates the body into right and left portions would be a
sagittal section
The branch of science that deals with the structure of human body parts is
Anatomy
The process by which food substances are chemically changed into simpler forms that can be absorbed is called
digestion
The most abundant chemical substance in the human body is
Water
The inferior boundary of the thoracic cavity is the
diaphragm
The _____ separates the thoracic cavity into two compartments
mediastinum
List 3 characteristics of the pelvic cavity
- portion of abdominopelvic cavity below pelvic brim
- portion of abdomen that contains internal reproductive organs and urinary bladder
- portion of abdomen surrounded by bones of pelvis
Terms of relative position are used to describe the
location of one body part with respect to another
Give four examples of ways to help maintain homeostasis
- As body temperature rises, sweating occurs
- When someone drinks a lot of water, kidneys produce more urine
- When eating large amounts of salt, kidneys excrete more salt
- When blood pressure decreases, heart rate increases
Negative feedback is important for maintaining _____ in the body
homeostasis
Main system that secretes hormones
endocrine system
provides an outer covering
integumentary system
produces a new organism
reproductive system
Stimulates muscles to contract and interprets information from sensory units
nervous system
Provides a framework for soft tissues and produces blood cells in red marrow
skeletal system
exchanges gases between air and blood
respiratory system
Transports excess fluid from tissues to blood
lymphatic system
Maintains posture and generates most body heat
muscular system
Removes liquid waste from blood and transports them outside
urinary system
converts food molecules into forms that are absorbed
digestive system
Transports nutrients, wastes, and gases throughout the body
cardiovascular system
Separates the body into superior and inferior parts
transverse plane (Horizontal)
Separates the body into posterior (dorsal) and anterior (ventral) parts
Coronal plane (frontal)
Separates the body into right and left parts
sagittal plane
Separates the body into equal right and left halves
midsagittal (median
An angular cut
oblique
A lengthwise cut
longitudinal
a horizontal cut across a structure
Cross
Cavity surrounded by the rib cage; bounded inferiorly by the diaphragm
thoracic cavity
Cavity containing the liver, stomach, kidneys, and spleen
abdominal cavity
Cavity containing the urinary bladder; enclosed by pelvic bones
pelvic cavity
I Left my Hog Eating Under the House
Iliac, lumbar, hypochondriac, epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric
