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Neuro Exam 3: Anatomy > Anatomy: Infratemporal Fossa > Flashcards

Anatomy: Infratemporal Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

boundaries of temporal fossa?

A

ant/sup/post: superior temporal line
inferior/lat: zygomatic arch
infer/med: infratemporal crest of temporal and sphenoid bones

contents: upperio portion of temporalis mm. and dens temporalis fascia

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2
Q

boundaries of infratemporal fossa?

A 
lat: ramus of mandible
sup/lat: zygomatic arch
sup/med: lat pterygoid plate of sphenoid and pharynx
ant: maxilla
post: a line from ramus to mandible
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3
Q

what does TMJ articulate b/w?

A

mandible-condyle
temporal bone- mandibular fossa and articular tubercle
- operates during chewing, while opening mouth the condyle of the mandible slides anteriorly against posterior surface of the articular tubercle.
- dense CT articular disk seperates the joint into two seperate synovial lined cavities
- joint cavity is loose above disc and tight below disc

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4
Q

which ligament prevents post. dislocation of mandible?

A

lateral ligament of TMJ

- thickinging of joint capsule

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5
Q

weak ligament of TMJ?

A

stylomandibular joint

- thickening of parotid fascia

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6
Q

strongest ligament of TMJ? provides passive support?

A

sphenomandibular ligament

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7
Q

what are components of TMJ joint?

A

upper portion: b/w temporal bone and disc = gliding mvmt, allows for protrusion/retrucion and elev/depression of mandible

lower portion (between disc and mandible)

  • pivot mvmts.
  • allows for side to side mvmt during chewing
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8
Q

dislocation of TMJ? what could it damage?

A

mandibular condyle slides too far anteriorly (anterior to the articular tubercle) = inability to close jaw
* may damage the auriculotemporal nerve*

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9
Q

arthritis of TMJ

A

heard in crepitus and popping while opening

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10
Q

where are mm. of mastication derived from and innervated via?

A

1st pharyngeal arch. innervated by V3

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11
Q

temporalis mm.

A

fn: elevates and retracts jaw
nn: V3 via anterior and posterior deep temporal nn.

  • special feature* temporobuccinator band = dense CT that spans from temporalis tendon to buccinator mm, fn. is to pull buccinator m. away from teeth while chewing.
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12
Q

masseter

A

fn: elevates and closes mandible, assists with protrusion
nn: V3 via masseteric branches

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13
Q

medial pterygoid m.

A

inserts on internal surface of mandible! seen more inferiorly than lateral

fn: elevates, closes mandible.
nn: V3 via medial pterygoid branch

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14
Q

lateral pterygoid

A

seen more superiorly and looks like attaches to TMJ. (stabalizes TMJ by attaching to the disc)

fn: protrusion of mandible, acting unilat. moves jaw towards contra. side to produce pivot (side-to-side) mvmt of chewing.
nn: lateral pterygoid branch of V3

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15
Q

where do you see maxillary a? 3 portions?

A

courses posterior to neck of mandible (b/w mandible and sphenomandibular lig.)

  1. mandibular
  2. pterygoid
  3. pterygopalatine
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16
Q

five branches of mandibular portion of maxillary a?

A

courses deep to neck of mandible

  1. deep auricular: external acoustic meatus and TMJ
  2. ant. tympanic a: inner tymp. membrane (courses through pterotympanic fissure to reach middle ear)
  3. middle meningeal a. - enters cranium via foramen spinosum to supply skull
  4. accessory meningeal- enters via forament ovale to supply skull
  5. inferior alveolar a: enters mandibular foramen to supply mandible, mandibular teeth and chin via a mental branch. also gives rise to mylohyoid a prior to entering mandibular foramen
17
Q

what are pterygoid branches?

A

courses either superficial or deep to lateral pterygoid m.

  • masseteric
  • anterior/post deep temporal
  • medial pterygoid
  • lat pterygoid branches
  • buccal a: supplies cheek
18
Q

what are pterygopalatine portions?

A
  • goes through pterygomaxillary fissure to enter pterygoplatatine fossa
  • post. superior alveolar a.
  • infraorbital a.
    pharyngeal a.
  • a. of pterygoid canal
  • descending palatine a.
  • sphenopalatine a.
19
Q

where does pterygoid plexus communicate with?

A

receives blood from infratemporal fossa, nasal cavity, face via deep facial v, cavernous sinus via emissary vv, pharynx via pharyngeal vv.

  • coalesces to form maxillary v. which then exits the infratemporal fossa traveling with the maxillary a.
20
Q

what components does V3 carry? where is it located?

A
  • exits the middle cranial fossa via foramen ovale to enter infratemporal fossa
  • components: GSA to lower portion of face, SVE to all mm. of 1st pharyngeal arch (masticaion, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatine, ant belly of digastric, mylohyoid)
  • distributes GVE-P fibers from CN VII and CN IX to salivary glands
  • distributes SVA fibers from the CN VII to the anterior 2/3 of tongue
21
Q

what are the sensory components of V3?

A

GSA

  1. meningeal branch
  2. Buccal n.
  3. Lingual n.
  4. Auriculotemporal n.
22
Q

What does meningeal branch supply?

A
  • re-enters middle cranial fossa via foramen spinosum

- supplies GSA to dura of middle cranial fossa

23
Q

what does buccal n. supply?

A

exits infratemporal region by passing between the two heads of the lateral pterygoid mm.
- pierces mucosa of cheek to supply cheek and gingivae with GSA

24
Q

what does lingual n. supply?

A

exits the infratemporal region by passing b/w the medial and lateral pterygoid mm. and travels to the oral cavity.

  • supplies the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue, floor of oral cavity and gingivae with sensory innervation via GSA
  • Corda Tympani joins lingual n. in infratemporal fossa to distribute SVA fibers to anterior 2/3 of tongue.
25
Q

chorda tympani

A

comes from CN VII: taste and PS

  • joins the lingual n. in the infratemporal fossa to distribute taste (SVA) to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
  • also distributes GVE-P fibers to the submandibular and subligual glands
26
Q

auriculotemporal n.

A
  • arises from two roots which make a ring around the middle meningeal a.
  • exits infratemporal fossa posteriorly by passing deep to neck ofmandible
  • provides GSA to the TMJ, temporal region, auricle, external acoustic meatus.
27
Q

motor branches of V3

A
  1. medial pterygoid
  2. n. to tensor tympani
  3. n. to tensor veli palatini
  4. lateral pterygoid nn.
  5. massateric nn.
  6. ant/posterior deep temporal nn.
28
Q

inferior alveolar n.

A

GSA and SVE branches of V3

  • enters the mandibular foramen to supply the mandibular teeth
  • branches:
    1. mental: exits the mental foramen to supply the chin
    2. mylohyoid: SVE - supplies mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric
29
Q

mandibular nerve block? inferior alveolar nerve block?

A

needle passed through mandibular notch to inject anesthetic around main trunk of mandibular teeth

inferior alveolar nerve block: used primarily by dentists to anesthetize mandibular teeth, injected near entrance of mandibular foramen

30
Q

what supplies salivary glands?

A

the mandibular nerve supplies GVE-P to all salivary glands

  1. auriculotemporal branch: distributes GVE-P fibers from CN IX (via lesser petrosal) to parotid gland
  2. lingual brahnch: distributes GVE-P fibers from CN VII via corda tympani, to the submandibular and sublingual glands.
31
Q

what is PS innervation to parotid glands?

A
  • distributed via the mandibular n. (V3)
    1. pre cell bodies: salivatory nucleus in brainstem
    2. pre cell fibers: travel with CN IX; via tympanic and lesser petrosal n.
    3. post cell bodies: otic ganglion
    4. post cell bodies distribute with the auriculotemporal branch of V3
32
Q

Otic ganglion

A

located in infratemporal fossa

  • suspended from V3, lies deep (medial) to main trunk of V3
  • provides innervation to the parotid gland
33
Q

xerostomia

A

decreased PS innervation to parotid can lead to dry mouth

34
Q

PS innervation to submandibular and sublingual glands?

A
  1. pre cell bodies: salivatory nucleus in brainstem
  2. pre cell fibers: travel with CN VII via corda tympani
  3. post cell bodies: submandibular ganglion
  4. post cell fibers distribute with the lingual branch of V3
35
Q

pathway of PS preganglionic cell fibers that supply the sublingual and submandibular glands?

A
  • pre cell bodies are located in salivatory nucleus within brainstem, and travel with CN VII.
  • CN VII courses along the posterior wall of the middle ear and gives rise to chorda tympani n. which exits the middle ear through the petrotympanic fissure to enter the infratemporal fossa.
  • here corda tympani joins the lingual n.
  • corda tympani portion of the lingual n. synapses in the submandibular ganglion.

Neuro Exam 3: Anatomy (12 decks)

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