Anatomy - Heart and Great Vessels Flashcards
What joins to form the superior vena cava?
Right and left brachiocephalic veins
What is each brachiocephalic vein formed by?
Union of internal jugular vein and subclavian vein
What does the superior vena cava empty into?
Right atrium
What does the internal jugular vein drain?
Head and neck (correlates to carotid artery)
What does the subclavian vein drain?
Upper limbs
What is the connection between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch called in adults?
Closed structure –> ligamentum arteriosum
What is the ‘ligamentum arteriosum’ in foetal development?
Duct that allows blood to pass from pulmonary trunk into arch of aorta (bypassing lungs)
What does the pulmonary trunk divide into?
Right and left pulmonary arteries
Where does left vagus nerve pass?
Around arch of aorta
Where does the left phrenic nerve pass?
Adheres to lateral surface of pericardium and supplies diaphragm
What is the base of the heart formed by?
right and left atria
What is the apex of the heart formed by?
Predominantly by the left ventricle
What are the 2 pericardial sinuses?
- Transverse
- Oblique
What is the transverse pericardial sinus?
Passage between left and right (arterial and venous) parts of pericardial space. Behind the aorta and pulmonary artery and anterior to superior vena cava
What is clinical importanceof transverse pericardial sinus?
Used in cardiac bypass surgery. Passing one end of clamp through sinus, and other end anterior to aorta/pulmonary trunk will allow complete blockage of blood output. Isolates pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta. Complete blockage and gather deoxygenated blood (that would usually go to lung).
Where is oblique pericardial sinus?
Lies behind left atrium and in between left and right pulmonary veins
What are the aortic sinuses (left and right)
Dilations of the ascending aorta which occur just above aortic valve. These widenings are between the wall of the aorta and each of the three cusps of the aortic valve.