Anatomy::Head and neck

Question 1

Posterior Triangle boundaries

Answer 1

• Posterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle
• Anterior border of trapezius
• Clavicle

Question 2

Anterior triangle boundaries

Answer 2

• Anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid
• mandible
• midline

Question 3

Which nerve injury causes hoarness of voice during hemithyroidectomy?

Answer 3

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 4

Structures that pass through Foramen Ovale

Answer 4

1. Otic ganglion(does not pass)
2. V3 (Mandibular br)
3. Accessory meningeal art(pterygomeningeal nerve)
4. Lesser petrosal nerve
5. Emissary veins

Question 5

Branches of ophthalmic branch of Trigeminal nerve

Answer 5

1. Lacrimal
2. Frontal
   - Supraorbotal
   - Supratrochlear
3. Nasocilliary
   - Infratrochlear
   - Anterior Ethmoidal
   - Posterior ethmoidal
   - Long Cilliary

Question 6

Foramen Rotundum

Answer 6

Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

Question 7

Branches of Maxillary br of trigeminal nerve

Answer 7

1. Infraorbital
2. Zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial
3. Superior alveolar
   - Ant, middle and posterior
4. Palatine nerve
   - Greater and lesser
5. Superior labial
6. Pharyngeal

Question 8

Otic Ganglion

Answer 8

IX- C9 (glosspharyngeal
PS- arasymph
ITF- Lies in intratemporal fossa
Parotid- Supply

Question 9

MAndibular division of Trigeminal

Answer 9

Exists thru Ovale

Nerve to tensor tympani
nerve of vili palatini
nerve of med. pterygoid

Divides into ant. post

Anterior-
3 Motor- Nerve to medial pterygoid
- Lateral
- Nerve to massester
- Temporalis
1 Sensory- Buccal nerve- Alveolus, gums, mucosa

Posterior-
1 motor - Br. inferior alveolar- nerve of mylohyoid
3 sensory- inf alveloar-mental n.,
auricultemporal n.
lingual n.

Mixed nerve
Motor- Muscles of mastication(med. pterygid, lat. pterygoid, masseter, temporalis)
Floor of mouth- Mylohyoid(ant. belly of digasttric)
Sensory- BAIL
Buccal, Ant tongue(lingual)
Lower teeth- Inf alveolar nerve
Temporal reg and ear- Auriculotemporal nerve

Question 10

Artery to be injured causing extradural haematoma

Answer 10

Middle meningeal artery at the ptyrion

Question 11

Which part of the skull does the Eustachian tube penetrate into?

Answer 11

Petrous part of temporal bone

Question 12

Muscles that separate the subclavian art and subclavian vein

Answer 12

Ant scalenus

Question 13

Structures of Thoracic inlet

Answer 13

Ant- sternal notch
post - T1
Scalenus medius
Subclavian artery
Lower trunk of brachial pleexus
scaleneus anterior
subclavian vein

Question 14

Relations to First rib

Answer 14

Medial to lateral
- Sympathetic trunk
- Supreme intercostal vein
- Superior intercostal artery
- T1 nerve root

Question 15

Strutures affected in surgery of submandibular triangle

Answer 15

nerve to mylohyoid
marginal mandibaular br of facial
lingual nerve
Hypoglossal nerve

Question 16

Stuructures injured in Carotid triangle

Answer 16

Hypoglossal n.
sup fibres ansa cervicalis
superior laryngeal n.
lingual nerve
great auricular nerve

Question 17

stab to root of the neck

Answer 17

hypovoluemic shock- subclab=vian art/vein
PTX- apex of lung
lower trunk of brachial plexus- ulnar nerve

left side- thoracic duct- Chyle leak
Phrenic nerve
medially- sympathetic trunk-(horner’s syndrome)