anatomy final Flashcards
what are the actions and innervation of the anterior compartment of the thigh?
hip flexion
knee extension
femoral n.
what are the actions and innervation of the medial compartment of the thigh?
hip adduction
obturator n.
what are the actions and innervation of the posterior compartment of the thigh?
hip extension
knee flexion
sciatic n. - tibial and fibular divisions
what muscles are in the anterior compartment?
iliopsoas
sartorius
quadriceps
what muscles are in the medial compartment?
pectineus
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilis
what are the borders to the femoral triangle?
inguinal lig
sartorius
adductor longus
what are the contents of the femoral triangle?
lateral femoral cutaneous n.
femoral n.
femoral a.
femoral v.
deep inguinal lymph nodes
what does the lateral femoral cutaneous n. innervate?
majority of lateral hip and thigh
what does the genitofemoral n. innervate?
small portion of proximal anterior thigh, directly superficial to iliopsoas
what does the ilioinguinal n. innervate?
small portion of proximal medial thigh
what does the lateral anterior cutaneous n. innervate?
majority of anteromedial thigh
what are the parts of the deltoid lig?
anterior tibfib
tibionavicular
tibiocalcaneal
post tibfib
what are the three retinaculums of ankle
superior extensor retinaculum
inferior extensor retinaculum
flexor retinaculum
what borders of the tarsal tunnel
ant: tibia
post: talus
sup: medial malleolus
floor: calcaneus, talus, tibia
lateral: calcaneus
roof: flexor retinaculum
what are the contents of the tarsal tunnel
tibialis posterior tendon
flexor digitorum longus tendon
posterior tibial artery and vein
tibial nerve
flexor hallucis longus tendon
what are the superficial veins of the LE
great saphenous vein
accessory saphenous vein
small saphenous vein
what are the deep veins of LE
external iliac vein
femoral vein
deep femoral vein
popliteal vein
anterior compartment of leg
actions: DF of foot at ankle, extend digits
innervation: deep fibular nerve
lateral compartment of leg
actions: eversion of foot at ankle
innervation: superficial fibular nerve
posterior compartment of leg
actions: PF of foot at ankle and flexion of knee
innervation: tibial nerve
muscles of ant compartment of leg
tib anterior (DF)
extensor digitorum longus (ext of digits)
extensor hallucis longus (ext great toe)
fibularis tertius (DF and eversion)
msucles of lateral comp of leg
fibularis longus (eversion)
fibularis brevis (eversion)
what muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
what muscle does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
gluteus maximus
what muscles does that sciatic nerve innervate?
biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
ischial portion of adductor magnus
what three muscles make up the levator ani group?
iliococcygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis
what artery is near the femoral head?
artery of ligamentum teres
what artery is near the femoral neck?
deep femoral artery
medial and lateral circumflex arteries
posterior comp of thigh
biceps femoris - hip ex, knee flex, lateral rot of knee
mem and ten - hip ex, knee flex, medial rot of knee
innervation - sciatic: tibial and common fibular
branches of the genicular anastomosis
superior lateral genicular artery
superior medial genicular artery
middle genicular artery
inferior lateral genicular artery
inferior medial genicular artery
what does the sural nerve do?
sensory only
where does the small saphenous vein empty to?
popliteal vein
where does the popliteal artery and vein supply and drain?
posterior knee
layer 1 of the plantar of foot
abd hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis
abd digit minimi
layer 2 of the plantar of foot
flexor hallucis longus tendon
flexor digitorum longus tendon
quadratus plantae
lumbricals
layer 3 of the plantar of foot
flexor hallucis brevis
flexor digit minimi brevis
adductor hallucis
layer 4 of the plantar of foot
plantar interossei
dorsal interossei
lateral longitudinal arch
supported by fibularis longus and flexor digitorum longus
medial longitudinal arch
maintain by tibialis posterior tendon inserting on navicular and medial cuneiform
what are the two layers of the pericardium?
fibrous
serous
- parietal
- visceral
cardiac strucures in order of blood flow
Return from systemic circulation → Superior and
inferior vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary arteries → lungs
Pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Bicuspid / mitral valve
Left ventricle
Aortic valve
Ascending aorta → aortic arch → oxygenated blood
to systemic circulation
where do coronary arteries originate from?
ascending aorta and supply myocardium
where do coronary arteries empty
into coronary sinus, drains into right atrium
which artery is called the widowmaker?
left anterior descending
which lung has three lobes?
right only
which lobe has the cardiac notch
superior lobe of left lung
what does emphysema result from?
destruction of alveolar walls
what does the phrenic nerve innervate?
diaphragm
what does the diaphragm have openings for?
esophagus
inferior vena cava
aorta
azygos vein
thoracic duct
what are the five folds of the peritoneum?
greater omentum
falciform ligament
lesser omentum
mesentery
mesocolon
what is the falciform ligament?
divides right and left lobe of liver
what is the mesentery?
keeps small intestine in place
