Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Anatomy Final > Flashcards

Anatomy Final Flashcards

GOOD LUCK!!!

1
Q

How many adult skeleton contains how many total bones

A

206

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many bones are contained in the axial skeleton

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List the 5 main parts to the axial skeleton and the bones and how many of each they contain

A
  • Skull: 24 (cranium 8) (face 16)
  • Hyoid: 1
  • ossicles: 6
  • thorax: 24 ribs 1 sternum
  • vertebra: 26 bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cranial bones

A
  • frontal
  • parietal
  • temporal
  • occipital
  • sphenoid
  • ethmoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many total bones make up the appendicular skeleton

A

126 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the functions of the pectoral girdle

A

supports the upper limb, allows movement of upper limbs, points of muscle attachments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What bones make up the pectoral girdle

A

clavicle and scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Frontal

A
  • 1 bone
  • forehead, top of eye orbits, most of anterior skull
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Humerous

A

2 bones- attaches to scapula at proximal ends and ulna and radius distally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ulna

A

2 bones, medial side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

parietal

A
  • 2 bones
  • most of the side of your head
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

radius

A

2 bones, lateral side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

temporal

A
  • 2 bones
  • inferior side of cranium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

carpals

A

16 bones, at the wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

occipital

A
  • 1 bone
  • forms base of skull
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

metacarpals

A

5 bones, palm of hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sphenoid

A
  • 1 bone
  • join all other bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

phalanges

A

28 bones, the fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ethmoid

A
  • 1 bone
  • major supporting structure of nasal cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What two bones make up the elbow

A

humerous and ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

functions of the pelvic girdle

A

provides a strong stable support for vertebral column, protect pelvic visceral organs, attaches lower limbs to axial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Coxal bones

A

3 separate bones fused together by age 23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ilium

A

the flat and longest part of coxal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ischium

A

lower posterior part of the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pubis

A

anterior and interior part of the hip bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

obturator foramen

A

hole in between pubis and ischium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

difference between male and female pelvic girdle

A

male- heavy and thick, narrow with less space in pelvic inlet and outlet, acetabulum is larger and faces more laterally, obturator foramen is round, the pubic arch is less than 90 degrees

female- the pelvic area is thinner and lighter, wider with more space in the pelvic inlet and outlet, acetabulum is small and faces less laterally, obturator foramen is oval and the pubic arch is greater than 90 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is broken when a person is considered to have a “broken hip”

A

head of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What bones make up the lower limbs

A

30 bones on each side
femur (2)
patella (2)
Tibia (2)
fibula (2)
tarsals (14)
metatarsals (10)
phalanges (10)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Define endocrine

A

internal secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

functions of hormones

A

maintain homeostasis, regulates activity of smooth and cardiac muscle, regulate metabolic process, controls growth and development, influences reproductive process, participates in circadian rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

steroid hormones

A

lipid soluble
ex) all sex hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

amino acid hormones

A

water soluble
ex) epi, norepi, melatonin
2nd messenger system

26
Q

steroid hormone entering a cell

A

-reach target cell and cross membrane
-binds with receptor protein in nucleus
-hormone- receptor complex activates mRNA synthesis
mRNA leaves nucleus- cytoplasm
translation-protein synthesis for hormone action

27
Q

amino acid hormone entering a cell

A

-circulate in blood and bind to receptors molecules on cell membrane
-activates G proteins which activate molecules of adenylate cyclase which catalyses the conversion of ATP to cAMP
-cAMP promotes a serious of reaction leading to cellular changes associated with hormone actions

28
Q
A
29
Q

List the characteristics/symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes

A

-pancreas does not make insulin or very little (need insulin)
-affects 5-10 percent of people with diabetes
-could be autoimmune reaction or genetics

30
Q

List the characteristics/ symptoms of Type 2 diabetes

A

-caused by insulin resistance cells do not respond normally to insulin
-pancreas over makes trying to respond
-obesity, inactivity, age/diet lifestyle

31
Q

What hormone is responsible for causing Diabetes Insipidus

A

ADH

32
Q

How does Diabetes Insipidus

A

large amounts of urine and extreme thirst

33
Q

The organs of the nervous system can be divided into 2 groups

A

central nervous system
peripheral nervous system

34
Q

Central Nervous System

A

consists of the brain and the spinal cord

35
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

includes the spinal and the cranial nerves

36
Q

Nerve

A

bundle of axons in PNS

37
Q

2 Subdivisions of the PNS

A

afferent- to go into division
efferent- to leave divison

38
Q

What is the function of the sensory division of the nervous system

A

detects internal and external changes

39
Q

The motor division of the PNS can be divided into

A

Somatic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System

40
Q

The SNS consists of sensory neurons that convey information to the CNS from

A

the skin, skeletal muscle, sensory organs, somatic receptors

41
Q

the SNS consists of motor nerosons that conduct impulses from the CNS to ..

A

skeletal muscles

42
Q

the ANS consists of motor neurons that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to…

A

smooth, cardiac and glands

43
Q

What subdivision of the PNS controls voluntary actions

A

SNS

44
Q

What subdivision of the PNS controls involuntary actions

A

ANS

45
Q

Specialized parts of the eye ears and nose

A

bipolar

46
Q

the brain and spinal cord

A

multipolar

47
Q

the ganglia of the spinal and cranial nerves

A

unipolar

48
Q

parts of a neroun

A

cell body,dendrites, axon

49
Q

4 major functions of the nervous system

A

1) reception of general sensory in fermentation
2) receiving and perceiving special sensations
3) integration of sensory information
4) response generation

50
Q

3 Basic Groups neurons can be classified by functional differences

A

-sensory neurons
-inter
-motor

51
Q

A branch of science that deals with the normal functioning and disorders of the nervous system

A

Neurology

52
Q

A multilayered covering around axons made of lipids and proteins

A

Myelin

53
Q

A small mass of nervous tissue

A

Ganglia

54
Q

form the foundation for the blood/brain barrier

A

Astrocytes

55
Q

Has dendrites and 1 arm that are fused together to form a continuous process that emerges from the cell body

A

Unipolar Neuron

56
Q

Monitor changes in the external or internal environment

A

Sensory Receptors

57
Q

Forms a membrane called the choroid plexus

A

Ependyma

58
Q

Has one axon with several dendrites

A

Multipolar Neurons

59
Q

Has one dendrite and one axon

A

Bipolar Neurons

60
Q

surrounds the myelin sheath

A

Neurilmma

61
Q

Produce myelin

A

Schwann cells

62
Q

form the myelin in the brain and spinal cord

A

Oligodendrocytes

63
Q

Gaps in the myelin sheath between Schwann cells

A

Nodes of Ranvier

64
Q

Cells in the CNS that phagocytize bacteria and cellular debris

A

Microglia

65
Q

A charge inside a cell is known as its…

A

membrane potential

66
Q

the resting membrane potential of a neuron is

A

-70mV to -90mV

67
Q

Inhibitory

A

Neurotransmitter that decreases the chance an impulse will occur

68
Q

Presynaptic

A

Type of neuron that conducts impulses to the synapse

69
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

General molecules that carry out synaptic transmission

70
Q

Excitatory

A

Neurotransmitter that will increase the chance an impulse will occur

71
Q

Postsynaptic

A

Type of neuron that receives the input at the synapse

72
Q

Synaptic Transmission

A

the mechanism by which the impulse in the presynaptic neuron signals the postsynaptic cell

73
Q

what hormones are from the PNS

A

Acetylcholine, Norepinephrine

74
Q

what hormones are from the CNS

A

acetylcholine, Norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, GABA

Anatomy (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions