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Anatomy Exam 1 back muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius Attachment

A 
Proximal:
-middle third of superior nuchal line
-external occipital protuberance
-nuchal ligament
-spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae
Distal
-lateral third of clavicle
-acromion and spine of scapula
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2
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve CN XI (motor fibers)

C3 and C4 spinal nerves (pain and proprioreceptive fibers

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3
Q

Trapezius action

A

Descending part elevates
Ascending part depresses
Middle part retracts scapula
Descending and ascending act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

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4
Q

Latissimus dorsi attachment

A

Proximal

  • spinous process of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
  • thoracolumbar fascia
  • iliac crest
  • inferior 3 or 4 ribs

Distal
-floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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5
Q

Latissimus dorsi innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 C7)

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6
Q

Latissimus dorsi action

A

Extends, adducts, and medically rotates humerus

Raises body towards arms during climbing

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7
Q

Rhomboid minor attachment

A 
Proximal
-nuchal ligament
-spinous processes of C7 and T1
Distal
-smooth triangular area at medial end of scapula spine
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8
Q

Rhomboid major attachment

A

Proximal
-spinous processes of T2-T5
Distal
-medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

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9
Q

Rhomboids innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

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10
Q

Rhomboids action

A

Retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity

Fix scapula to thoracic wall

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11
Q

Levator scapulae attachment

A

Proximal
-posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4
Distal
-medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine

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12
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A

Dorsal scapular (C5) and cervical (C3 C4) nerves

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13
Q

Levator scapulae action

A

Elevates scapula and tilts it’s glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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14
Q

Erector spinae attachment

A

proximal:
-posterior sacrum, iliac crest, sacrospinous ligament, supraspinous ligament, spinous processes of lower lumbar and sacral vertebrae
Distal
-iliocostalis: angles of lower ribs, cervical transverse processes
-Longissimus: between tubercles and angles of ribs, transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae, mastoid process
-spinalis: spinous process of upper thoracic and midcervical vertebrae

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15
Q

erector spinae muscles

A

iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis

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16
Q

erector spinae actions

A

extends and laterally bends vertebral column and head

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17
Q

erector spinae innervation

A

dorsal rami of each region

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18
Q

erector spinae blood supply

A

cervical portions: occipital, deep cervical, and vertebral arteries

thoracic: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal, subcostal, and lumbar arteries
sacral: dorsal branches of lateral sacral arteries

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19
Q

interspinales (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) attachment

A

proximal: spinous process
distal: adjacent spinous process

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20
Q

interspinales (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) innervation

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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21
Q

interspinales (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) actions

A

aid in extension of vertebral column

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22
Q

interspinales (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) blood supply

A

cervical portions: occipital, deep cervical, and vertebral arteries

thoracic: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal arteries
lumbar: dorsal branches of lumbar arteries

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23
Q

intertransversarii (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) blood supply

A

portions: occipital, deep cervical, and vertebral arteries
thoracic: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal, subcostal, and lumbar arteries
lumbar: dorsal branches of lateral lumbar arteries

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24
Q

intertransversarii (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) attachment

A

extend between adjacent transverse processes of vertebrae

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25
intertransversarii (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) innervation
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
26
intertransversarii (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) action
assist in lateral flexion of vertebral column
27
latissimus dorsi blood supply
thoracodorsal artery, dorsal perforating branches of 9th, 10th,amd 11th posterior intercostal, subcostal, and first 3 lumbar arteries
28
levator scapuli blood supply
dorsal scapular artery, transverse cervical artery, ascending cervical artery
29
multifidus attachment
proximal: sacrum, ilium, transverse processes of T1-T12, and articular processes of C4-C7 distal: spinous process of vertebrae above, spanning two to four segments
30
multifidus innervation
dorsal rami of each region
31
multifidus action
stabilize spine
32
multifidus blood supply
cervical portions: occipital, deep cervical, and vertebral arteries thoracic: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal, subcostal, and lumbar arteries sacral: dorsal branches of lateral sacral arteries
33
obliquus capitis inferior attachment
proximal: spine of axis distal: transverse process of atlas
34
obliquus capitis inferior innervation
suboccipital nerve
35
obliquus capitis inferior action
rotates atlas to turn face to same side
36
obliquus capitis inferior blood supply
vertebral artery, descending branch of occipital artery
37
obliquus capitis superior blood supply
vertebral artery, descending branch of occipital artery
38
rectus capitis posterior major blood supply
vertebral artery, descending branch of occipital artery
39
rectus capitis posterior minor blood supply
vertebral artery, descending branch of occipital artery
40
obliquus capitis superior attachment
proximal: transverse process of atlas distal: occipital bone
41
obliquus capitis superior innervation
suboccipital nerve
42
obliquus capitis superior action
extends and bends head laterally
43
rectus capitis posterior major attachment
proximal: spine of axis distal: inferior nuchal line
44
rectus capitis posterior major innervation
suboccipital nerve
45
rectus capitis posterior major action
extends and rotates head to same side
46
rectus capitis posterior minor attachment
proximal: tubercle of posterior arch of atlas distal: median inferior nuchal line
47
rectus capitis posterior minor innervation
suboccipital nerve
48
rectus capitis posterior minor action
extends head
49
rhomboids blood supply
dorsal scapular artery OR deep branch of transverse cervical artery, dorsal perforating branches of the upper 5 or 6 posterior intercostal arteries
50
rotatores attachment
proximal: transverse processes of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions distal: lamina and transverse process of spine above, spanning one or two segments
51
rotatores innervation
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
52
rotatores action
stabilizes, extends, and rotates spine
53
rotatores blood supply
dorsal branches of segmental arteries
54
semispinalis attachment
proximal: transverse processes of C4-T12 distal: spinous processes of cervical and thoracic regions
55
semispinalis innervation
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
56
semispinalis action
extends head, neck, and thorax and rotates them to opposite side
57
semispinalis blood supply
cervical portions: occipital, deep cervical, and vertebral arteries thoracic: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal arteries
58
serratus posterior inferior attachment
proximal: spinous processes of T11-L2 distal: inferior aspect of ribs 9-12
59
serratus posterior inferior innervation
ventral rami of lower thoracic nerves
60
serratus posterior inferior action
depresses ribs
61
serratus posterior inferior blood supply
posterior intercostal arteries
62
serratus posterior superior attachment
proximal: ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T3 distal: superior aspect of ribs 2-4
63
serratus posterior superior innervation
ventral rami of upper thoracic nerves
64
serratus posterior superior action
elevates ribs
65
serratus posterior superior blood supply
posterior intercostal arteries
66
spenius capitis attachment`
proximal: nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T3 distal: mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral third of superior nuchal line
67
spenius capitis innervation
dorsal rami of middle cervical nerves
68
spenius capitis action
bilaterally: extend head unilaterally: laterally bends (flexes) and rotates face to same side
69
spenius capitis blood supply
descending branch of occipital artery, and deep cervical artery
70
splenius cervicis attachment
proximal: spinous process of T3-T6 distal: transverse processes of C1-C3
71
splenius cervices innervation
dorsal rami of lower cervical nerves
72
splenius cervices action
bilaterally: extend neck unilaterally: laterally bends (flexes) and rotates neck toward same side
73
splenius cervicis
descending branch of occipital artery, and deep cervical artery
74
trapezius blood supply
transverse cervical artery, dorsal perforating branches of posterior intercostal arteries

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