Anatomy Buzzwords Flashcards
Anatomy
The sternum and manubrium forms which important anatomical landmark?
Sternal angle of Louis
Anatomy
How many pairs of ribs are false ribs?
3: 8th, 9th, 10th
Anatomy
The costal groove is located in which aspect of the ribs?
Inferior border
Anatomy
How many pairs of ribs have costal cartilages?
All 12 pairs.
Anatomy
What ype of movement is present in costochondral joints?
none
Anatomy
Which intercostal muscles runs forward and downward?
External intercostals
Anatomy
What is the most important muscle of respiration?
Diaphragm
Anatomy
What are the 3 openings of the diaphragm?
Caval, Esophageal, Aortic (I ate 10 eggs at 12)
Anatomy
The superior and inferior mediastinum is divided anteriorly by which bony landmark?
Sternal angle of Louie
Anatomy
Which organ is located in the anterior mediastinum?
Thymus
Anatomy
Which principal bronchus is longer, narrower, and more vertical?
None. Left = longer, narrower, more horizontal, Right = shorter, wider, and more vertical
Anatomy
How many segments does the left lung have?
8, right has 10
Anatomy
Which part of the respiratory tree is not protected by cartilage?
Respiratory bronchioles onwards
Anatomy
Quiet expiration is facilitated by which respiratory muscle?
None.
Anatomy
The coronary sinus opens into which chamber?
Right atrium
Anatomy
The inferior vena cava drains into which heart chamber?
Right atrium
Anatomy
How many cusps are there in the mitral valve?
Two (bicuspid)
Anatomy
How many cusps are there in the aortic valve? How about pulmonary valve?
3 and 3 semilunar valves
Anatomy
Where is the pacemaker located?
Wall of right atrium, near the superior vena cava opening
Anatomy
The cicumflex artery is usually a derivative of which artery?
Left coronary
Anatomy
Which cardiac vein DOES NOT drain into the coronary sinus?
Anterior (vs. great, small and middle cardiac veins)
Anatomy
The left and right brachiocephalic veins converge to form wich large vessel?
SVC
Anatomy
What are the branches of the aorta?
Right brachiocephalic, Left common carotid, Left subclavian
Anatomy
The thoracic duct is located in which side of the neck?
Left
Anatomy
What is the only motor nerve supply of the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
Anatomy
How many constrictions are there in the esophagus?
3, 1. origin, 2. Passed by left bronchus, 3. exits the diapragm
Anatomy
What dermatome level is the umbilicus?
T10, T7 = xiphoid, L1 = symphysis pubis/inguinal ligament
Anatomy
What are the layers of the abdominal wall?
Skin, Fatty/Camper’s fascia, Membranous/Scarpa’s fascia, External oblique, Internal oblique, Transverse abdominis, Transversalis fascia, Extraperitoneal fat, Parietal peritoneum
Anatomy
Which layer of the abdominal wall doesn’t continue to the scrotal area?
Transverse abdominis
Anatomy
What abdominal muscle is not present in some normal individuals?
Pyramidalis
Anatomy
The inguinal ligament is formed by the aponeurosis of which abdominal muscle?
External oblique
Anatomy
In females, the round ligament passes through the inguinal canal. TRUE or FALSE?
TRUE
Anatomy
In and indirect hernia, the hernial sac enters the inguinal canal lateral to the superior epigastric artery. TRUE or False?
False. Indirect = lateral to the inferior epigastric
Anatomy
The darthos muscle is a continuation of which abdominal layer?
Fatty/Camper’s Fascia (Darthos as a Fat camper)
Anatomy
The superior epigastric artery is derived from which artery of the chest?
Internal thoracic
Anatomy
The omenta are two-layered folds of peritoneum connecting parts of the intestine to the posterior abdominal wall. TRUE or FALSE?
False. Mesenteries! (Omenta connect stomach to other viscus)
Anatomy
Excess peritoneal fluid travels upward via the ___a___ gutters towards the __b__ recess.
a. Paracolic, b. subphrenic/hepatorenal
Anatomy
Which area of the stomach is full of gas?
Fundus
Anatomy
The gastric arteries supply the lesser curvature of the stomach. TRUE or FALSE?
TRUE. Gastric = lesser curvature, Gastroepiploic = greater curvature, Small gastric = fundus
Anatomy
What are the branches of the celiac trunk?
Left gastric, common hepatic, splenic
Anatomy
In which region of the duodenum is the ligament of Treitz located?
4th
Anatomy
The tinea coli of the cecum would converge to show you the location of this organ?
Appendix
Anatomy
Which part/s of the large intestine is/are retroperitoneal?
Ascending and descending colon
Anatomy
__a__ intestines: plicae circulares, __b__ intestines: appendices epiploicae
a. small, b. large (differentiate small from large intestine..)
Anatomy
The ligamentum teres is the remains of the umbilical artery. TRUE or FALSE?
False. Umbilical vein
Anatomy
The gallbladder is located in between which two lobes of the liver?
Right and quadrate lobes
Anatomy
The common hepatic duct is formed by the left and right hepatic ducts and the cystic duct. TRUE or FALSE?
False. CHD = LHD + RHD, CBD = CHD + Cystic duct
Anatomy
The spiral valve is associated with which organ?
Gallbladder
Anatomy
The CBD opens up into which portion of the intestines?
2nd part of the duodenum, at the ampulla of Vater
Anatomy
The head of the pancreas is closely associated with which part of which organ?
Duodenum (small intestines)
Anatomy
The pancreatic blood supply comes directly from which artery? A. celiac trunk B. aorta C. Splenic artery D. common heaptic artery
C. Splenic artery
Anatomy
The superior mesenteric artery is the main blood supply of the foregut. TRUE or FALSE?
False. Celiac trunk = foregut, SMA = midgut,
Anatomy
Which part/s of the rectum is supplied by the IMA?
Superior part (middle and inferior rectal a. from internal iliac a.)
Anatomy
Where are the 4 porto-systemic anastomoses located?
- Esophagus 2. Para umbilical 3. Rectal 4. Others (visceral?)
Anatomy
What kidney is lower in location?
Right
Anatomy
The adrenal cortex os lcoated externally with respect to the medulla. TRUE or FALSE?
True.
Anatomy
What are the 3 main anterior branches of the abdominal aorta?
Celiac trunk, SMA, IMA
Anatomy
What is the only unpaired tributary of the abdominal aorta?
Median Sacral Artery
Anatomy
Which two veins (with corresponding arteries from the abdominal aorta) does not drain directly into the IVC?
Left gonadal v., Left suprarenal v.
Anatomy
The thoracic duct starts in the abdomen as what?
Cisterna chyli (right side of aorta)
Anatomy
Which muscle is the major flexor of the trunk?
iliopsoas
Anatomy
The false pelvis is also called the lesser pelvis. TRUE or FALSE?
False. False pelvis = greater pelvis = above the pelvic brim
Anatomy
What is the cartilaginous joint between the two pubic bones anteriorly and medially called?
Symphysis pubis
Anatomy
Which of the following can help differentiate a male from a female pelvis? A. false pelvis B. Pelvic inlet C. Pelvic Outlet D. Sacrum E. Subpubic angle
AOTA
Anatomy
Which is not part of the levator ani? A. Puborectalis B. Pubococcygeus D. Iliococcygeus D. Coccygeus
D. Coccygeus
Anatomy
The sciatic nerve divides into which nerves?
Common peroneal and tibial n.
Anatomy
The femoral artery is derived from which artery?
External iliac artery
Anatomy
The superior gluteal artery leaves the internal iliac ___riorly.
Poste…
Anatomy
The median sacral vein drains into which vessel?
Left common iliac vein
Anatomy
How many transverse folds are there in the rectum?
Usually 3 but there could be a 4th
Anatomy
What is the main muscle of the urinary bladder?
Detrussor
Anatomy
The ejaculatory ducts are formed by the union of which two structures?
Vas deferens and seminal vesicle duct
Anatomy
The lobes of the prostate is named after their relative locations to which urinary structure?
Urethra
Anatomy
Which ovarian ligament contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels?
Suspensory ligament of the ovary
Anatomy
What is the narrowest part of the fallopian tube?
Isthmus
Anatomy
Anteversion refers to the forward bending of the uterine body on the cervix. TRUE or FALSE?
False. Anteflexion.
Anatomy
The pelvic diaphragm is composed of which muscles?
Levator ani and coccygeus
Anatomy
Where does the lymph drainage of the vagina flow into?
External and internal iliac (upper and middle 3rd) and superficial inguinal nodes (lower 3rd)
Anatomy
The corpora cavernosa is paired and located dorsally. TRUE or FALSE?
TRUE
Anatomy
The corpora cavernosa house which artery?
Dorsal artery
Anatomy
The fourchette is formed by which vulvar structure?
Labia minora (posteriorly)
Anatomy
Which muscle is responsible for the acute angle of the anorectal junction?
Puborectalis
Anatomy
What is the contents of the ischiorectal fossa?
Fat (boundaries: medial = levator ani, lateral = obturator internus, base = skin)
