anatomy blood

Question 1

what is the cardiovascular system

Answer 1

a closed system of heart and blood vessels, it delivers O2 and nutrients and removes CO2

Question 2

where is the heart located

Answer 2

between the thorax and the lungs

Question 2

which side of the heart is enlarged

Answer 2

left side is enlarged because cardiac tissue grows in size as left ventricle contracts to force blood out of the aorta to the rest of the body

Question 3

what are the 2 coverings of the heart

Answer 3

visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium

Question 4

visceral pericardium

Answer 4

next tot he heart, suction cup layer

Question 4

parietal pericardium

Answer 4

outside layer

Question 5

serous fluid

Answer 5

fills the space and is a buffer layer allowing the heart to expand and contract in between the coverings of the heart

Question 6

what are the three layers of the heart superficial to deep

Answer 6

endocardium
myocardium
epicardium

Question 7

endocardium

Answer 7

inner layer
smooth endothelium
layer that comes on contact with the blood

Question 8

myocardium

Answer 8

layer that actually contracts, receives depolarization signal from the pacemaker to physically expand and contract
mostly cardiac muscle
most important
middle layer

Question 9

epicardium

Answer 9

outside layer, connective tissue layer, allows it to be more flexible

Question 10

4 heart chambers

Answer 10

atria: receiving chambers: right atrium and left atrium
ventricles: discharging/pumping chambers: left and right

Question 11

where does the right atrium receive blood from:

Answer 11

supervena cava or pulmonary veins, brining oxygentated blood back from the veins

Question 12

intraventricular septum

Answer 12

divides the left and right hand sides of the heart completely, this is the hole in the heart which closes up to allow for all oxygenated blood to be pumped out of the babies heart

Question 13

what is the atrioventricular valves and what are the two tyopes?

Answer 13

they are in between the atria and the ventricles; two types are the bicuspid and the tricuspid

Question 14

bicuspid valve:

Answer 14

between left atria and left ventricle

Question 15

tricuspid valve

Answer 15

between right atria and right ventricle

Question 16

what is the semilunar valves and what are the two types

Answer 16

they are between he ventricles and the artery; the two types are the pulmonary semilunar valve and the aortic semilunar valve

Question 17

aortic semilunar valve

Answer 17

between the left ventricle and aorta (entire body)

Question 18

pulmonary semilunar valve

Answer 18

between the right ventricle and PA (to lungs)

Question 19

chordae tendineae

Answer 19

heart strings

Question 20

what if the valves dont close

Answer 20

a murmur is creates, which is when valves are not closed properly so there is a variation of backflow

Question 21

what are the coronary arteries

Answer 21

branch from base of the aorta, deep red arteries that go down to the surface of the heart that gives the myocardium its own blood supply

Question 22

cardiac veins

Answer 22

blood drained from the heart through into the coronary sinus, drops all Venus blood into the right atrium
- like the return of venous blood from superior and inferior vena cava

Question 23

angina pectoris

Answer 23

chest pain with lack of O2, fancy term for watered down heart attack

Question 24

myocardial infarction

Answer 24

heart attack, heart cells dying because of lack of O2 through coronary arteries

Question 25

what happens at the p curve

Answer 25

atria depolarizes, contracting blood into ventricles

Question 26

what happens at the QRS curve

Answer 26

ventricular depolarization, contracting ventricles release to the aorta(left ventricle) or lungs(right ventricle)