bio tech quiz

Question 1

A virus is _________

Answer 1

nonliving

Question 2

How do viruses multiply ?

Answer 2

by living in host

Question 3

Viruses can be named based on__________.

Answer 3

the disease they cause

Question 4

what is the main human defense against viruses?

Answer 4

Immune system

Question 5

Which of the following best defines a vaccine?
a. a particular type of virus that reproduced on its own
b. A substance introduced in the body to help produce chemicals that destroy specific viruses.
c. A type of disease that causes harm
d. a disease-causing virus that is injected into the body to destroy host cells

Answer 5

b. A substance introduced in the body to help produce chemicals that destroy specific viruses.

Question 6

which of the following is a characteristic of viruses?
a. they usually have one or two strands of DNA or RNA
b. they typically have a small nucleus
c. they can be unicellular or multicellular
d. all viruses are autotrophs

Answer 6

a. they usually have one or two strands of DNA or RNA

Question 7

what is the outside protective coating of a virus made of?

Answer 7

protein and lipids

Question 8

in which cycle does a virus replicate and form new viruses after infecting the host?

Answer 8

lytic

Question 9

lytic replicates until…

Answer 9

lysis (rupture)

Question 10

define virus

Answer 10

a small infectious agent that can’t reproduce on its own. Viruses need a host cell machinery to replicate

Question 11

the genome

Answer 11

where the genes are located
can be DNA or RNA
codes for viral proteins

Question 12

the capsid

Answer 12

a protein coat that covers the genome
protects the genome
composed of proteins
contains enzymes needed for replication

Question 13

the envelope

Answer 13

a lipid protein coat that covers the capsid
protects the capsid when present
composed of protein and lipid
contains proteins needed to attach to host cells

Question 14

the envelope

Answer 14

a lipid protein coat that covers the capsid

Question 15

viruses with a genome and a capsid are called__________

Answer 15

naked

Question 16

viruses with agenome capsid nd enevelope are called________

Answer 16

enveloped

Question 17

viral life cycle

Answer 17

1. the virus ATTACHES to its host cell
2. The virus ENTERS its host cell (inject or endocytosis)
3. The virus HIJACKS the host cell so it can replicate
4. The new virus exit the host cell

Question 18

how do naked viruses enter the cell?

Answer 18

• inject their genome through a host cell membrane
• the naked virus might be taken up by endocytosis and then punch holes int he endosome membrane

Question 19

how do enveloped viruses enter host cells

Answer 19

• bc the enveloped virus also has a membrane it might fuse with the host cell membrane
• the enveloped virus might be taken up by endocytosis and then fuse with the endosome membrane

Question 20

how do naked viruses exit the host cell

Answer 20

the host cell fills with nature viruses and bursts. this is lysis

Question 21

lysis

Answer 21

• always lydic stage
• the host cell fills with mature virsues and bursts

Question 22

how enveloped viruses exit host cells

Answer 22

• the new enveloped proteins are collected in the host cell membrane
• the new capsid proteins and the genome collect below the envelope proteins
• the new enveloped virus forms and buds off from the host cells

Question 23

which type of cycle is HIV?

Answer 23

lysogenic

Question 24

which type of cycle is AIDS?

Answer 24

lydic cycle

Question 25

true or false: all viruses go through the lydic phase

Answer 25

true