Anatomy & Biomechanics Flashcards
hip - what type of joint is the hip?
pure ovoid
hip - describe the anatomy of the acetabulum
hip - which way does the femoral head face and what is the normal angle of inclination?
faces: superiorly, anteriorly, and medially
Normal angle of inclination = 125 ̊
hip - describe the normal angle of torsion, anteversion, and retroversion
Normal = 8°- 15°
>15°= anteversion
<8° = retroversion
hip - describe anteversion
Hip ROM will have:
- ↑↑IR & ↓↓ER but total amount of rotation will be normal
may be associated with a compensatory:
- IR of femur (in-toeing in WB and gait)
- tibial ER (structural) with this, appears like normal alignment
hip - what is a bursa and where are they in the hip?
hip - IT band origen and insertion
hip - what protects the IT band from the lat femoral condyle?
hip - describe the piriformis muscle origen, insertion, sciatic nerve relation, and action
hip - how many DOF?
3 degrees of freedom:
Flexion\Extension
Internal rotation\External rotation
Adduction\Abduction
hip - what is the referred pain pattern?
ankle - name the ankle/forefoot joints and their corresponding regions
Region I : Ankle joints
- Distal tibio-fibular joint
- Talo-crural joint
Region II: Subtalar joint
Region III: Midtarsal joints
- Calcaneocuboid joint
- Talonavicular joint
- Cubonavicular jt
- Cuneonavicular jt
- Cuneocuboid jt
- Intercuneiform jt
Region IV: The forefoot jts
- Tarsometatarsal jts
- Metatarsophalangeal jts
- Interphalangeal joints (PIP & DIP jt)
ankle - what is the function of the distal tibio-fibular joint?
Shock absorption, dissipate forces
Permit ant/post movt on talus
ankle - describe the anatomy of the distal tibio-fibular joint
With ankle dorsiflexion:
This joint will widen allowing 1-2 mm of spread
The direction of mvt varies among individuals
The talocrural joint is dependant upon the stability provided by this joint for its proper functioning
ankle - what are the tibiofibular ligaments?
Anterior tibiofibular: You can palpate it
Posterior tibiofibular: Deep part = inf transverse lig (elastic), Resists splaying of mortise
Interossei ligament/membrane: Strongest lig of Inf Tib-fib, Resist splaying of mortise
ankle - describe the talocrural joint (what makes up the TCJ? what type of jonit is is? how many DOF?
ankle - what holds the talo-crural joint together?
ankle - describe the ATFL
describe the CFL
ankle - describe the PTFL
ankle - describe the deltoid ligament
ankle - what is the subtalar joint? (where/ms attachment/DOF)
Between the talus & calcaneum
There are no ms attachment
Osteokinematics: 1 DOF (Pronation, Supination)
ankle - which joints tend to become hypomobile with an ankle injury?
With an ankle injury the subtalar joint & the talocrural joint tend to become hypomobile, possibly because the talus has no muscle attaching to it.
ankle - what type of joint is the metatarsophalangeal joint? DOF?
ankle - what type of joint is the interphalangeal joint? DOF? ligaments/other structures?
Modified sellar jt
1 DOF (Flex/ext)
Base of phalanx: concave, Head of phalanx: convex
Ligaments: MCL, LCL
Plantar fibrous plate: Reinforces the plantar aspect of the IP jts
ankle - describe the longitudinal arch
ankle - describe the lateral arch
ankle - describe the plantar fascia (origin, insertion, function)
ankle - describe the windlass mechanism of the foot
knee - what are the 3 joints?
1.Patello-femoral joint
- Tibiofemoral joint
- Superior tibio-fibular joint
knee - function of patellofemoral joint
Pulley for quads ms
↓ friction btw quads tendon & femoral condyle (Movt at PF joint instead of quads tendon rubbing on femoral condyles)
knee - patellofemoral joint ANT surface of femur and POST surface of patella anatomy
slides 6-7
knee - describe how the patella moves from flexion to extension/joint congruance
slides 8-12
knee - describe the stabilizers of the patella
slides 13-14
knee - describe the vertical position of patella in femoral sulcus
slide 15/16
knee - describe the joint reaction force of the patello-femoral joint
slides 17/18
knee - what is the synovial plica and the types?
slides 19/20
knee - where are the 6 bursae?
slides 21-24
knee - describe the mcl - where is is and functions
slide 25
knee - describe the lcl - where is is and functions
slide 26
knee - describe the acl - where is is and functions, OKC vs CKC
slides 27-29
knee - describe the pcl - where is is and functions
slide 30
knee - meniscus anatomy
slide 31/32
knee - meniscus vascularization
slide 33/34
knee - what is the function of the meniscus?
knee - what type of joint is it?
knee - osteokinematics (glides) for patello-femoral joint
knee - osteokinematics (glides) for tibiofemoral joint
knee - what type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint?
describe the functional biomechanics of the lower quadrant
