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Gross Anatomy > Anatomy Basics > Flashcards

Anatomy Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Position

A
  • standing upright, feet together
  • head up, looking straight ahead
  • arms down to sides, palms forward
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2
Q

Supine

A

person lying down, face up

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3
Q

Prone

A

person lying down, face down

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4
Q

Superior

A

up toward the head

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5
Q

Inferior

A

down toward the feet

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6
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

toward the front of the body

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7
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

toward the back of the body

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8
Q

Medial

A

toward the center line/mid-line of the body

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9
Q

Proximal

A

toward an attached base

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10
Q

Distal

A

away from an attached base

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11
Q

Superficial

A

closer to the outer surface of a structure

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12
Q

Deep

A

closer to the inner core of a structure

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13
Q

Ipsilateral

A

on the same side

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14
Q

Contralateral

A

on the opposite side

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15
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

plane that divides the body into left and right parts

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16
Q

Coronal (or frontal) Plane

A

plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

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17
Q

Transverse Plane

A

plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts

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18
Q

Posterior (dorsal) Cavities

A

contain the cranial cavity and vertebral canal

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19
Q

Anterior (ventral) Cavities

A

contain the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity

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20
Q

Flexion of Spine

A

forward bending

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21
Q

Extension of Spine

A

return from flexion back to anatomical position

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22
Q

Abduction of Spine

A

sidebending

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23
Q

Adduction of Spine

A

return from abduction back to anatomical position

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24
Q

Elevation of Scapulae

A

scapulae glide up

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25
Q

Depression of Scapulae

A

scapulae glide down

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26
Q

Adduction of Scapulae

A

(also called retraction) scapulae glide together

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27
Q

Abduction of Scapulae

A

(also called protraction) scapulae glide apart

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28
Q

Upward Rotation of Scapulae

A

rotation which turns glenoid fossae up

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29
Q

Downward Rotation of Scapulae

A

rotation which turns glenoid fossae down

30
Q

Flexion at Glenohumeral Joint

A

arm raises up in sagittal plane

31
Q

Extension at Glenohumeral Joint

A

return arm to anatomical position from flexion

32
Q

Abduction at Glenohumeral Joint

A

arm raises up in coronal plane

33
Q

Adduction at Glenohumeral Joint

A

arm returns to anatomical position from abduction

34
Q

Medial Rotation at Glenohumeral Joint

A

humerus rolls inward

35
Q

Lateral Rotation at Glenohumeral Joint

A

humerus rolls outward

36
Q

Circumduction at Glenohumeral Joint

A

combination of flexion, abduction, extension and adduction of arm (move in circle)

37
Q

Flexion of Elbow

A

bend elbow

38
Q

Extension of Elbow

A

straighten elbow

39
Q

Supination of Forearm

A

palms face anteriorly

40
Q

Pronation of Forearm

A

palms facing posteriorly

41
Q

Flexion of Wrist

A

bringing the palm of hand towards the forearm

42
Q

Extension of Wrist

A

bringing the posterior aspect of hand toward the posterior forearm

43
Q

Radial Deviation of Wrist

A

moving hand toward radius

44
Q

Ulnar Deviation of Wrist

A

moving hand toward ulna

45
Q

Flexion of Metacarpophalangeal or Interphalangeal Joints

A

to bend

46
Q

Extension of Metacarpophalangeal or Interphalangeal Joints

A

to straighten

47
Q

Abduction of Metacarpophalangeal Joints

A

to move fingers away from mid line of hand

48
Q

Adduction of Metacarpophalangeal Joints

A

to move fingers toward mid line of hand

49
Q

Flexion of Thumb

A

to bend across palm

50
Q

Extension of Thumb

A

to move thumb away from palm

51
Q

Abduction of Thumb

A

to move thumb away from plane of hand

52
Q

Adduction of Thumb

A

to move thumb toward plane of hand

53
Q

Opposition of Thumb

A

to move thumb over to touch little finger

54
Q

Crest

A

sharp bony ridge

55
Q

Condyle

A

rounded prominence that articulates with another bone

56
Q

Epicondyle

A

small projection just above a condyle

57
Q

Facet

A

smooth, flat articular surface

58
Q

Fissure

A

a slit like passageway

59
Q

Foramen

A

a hole

60
Q

Fossa

A

a depression

61
Q

Head

A

larger end of a long bone

62
Q

Line

A

slight bony ridge

63
Q

Meatus

A

a canal

64
Q

Process

A

a prominence or projection

65
Q

Ramus

A

an elongated process

66
Q

Spine

A

a slender ridge or projection

67
Q

Sulcus

A

groove

68
Q

Trochanter

A

a large, blunted process

69
Q

Tubercle

A

a small, rounded process

70
Q

Tuberosity

A

a broad process, larger than a tubercle

Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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