Anatomy and Physioogy of the neck

Question 1

What is the calvarium and what are the bones that make it up?

Answer 1

calvarium is the top of the skull (helmet) - frontal, parietal and occipital

Question 2

What bones make up the cranial base?

Answer 2

floor od the skull - occipital, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, parietal, frontal

Question 3

What are the 3 main sutures in th adult skull?

Answer 3

lamboid, coronal and saggital

Question 4

What are fontanelles? what are he main 2?

Answer 4

the soft spots between sutures in babies - frontal fontalle and occipital fontelle

Question 5

What is the Pterion?

Answer 5

The dnager spot for injury, as it combines the: FSPT (think F* Sake PT) Frontl, Sphenoid, Parietal and Temporal. Also dangerous because just behind is the MMA (another danerous sport) - Medial meningeal Artery

Question 6

What splits the neck into anreior and posterior triangle?

Answer 6

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 7

Anterior triangle borders

Answer 7

midline, sternocleidomastoid and mandible

Question 8

What are the supra hyoid and infrhyoid muscles and when are they used?

Answer 8

suprahyoid = above the hyoid and elevate ti (helps closing and oening of the epiglotis). Includes the geniohyoid, mylohyoid, digastric and stylohyoid

Question 9

superior thyroid artery is a branch of what?

Answer 9

ECA (external arotid artery)

Question 10

what does the coortid travel in?

Answer 10

carotid sheath

Question 11

Carotid bifidcation when?

Answer 11

level of c4 - thyroid cartilage

Question 12

What does the carotid sinus and carotid bodymeasure

Answer 12

Carotid sinus: baroreceptor
Carotid Body:homeostasis - ppO2, pH and temperature

Question 13

contents pf the posterior triangle

Answer 13

Accessory nerve Cervical nerve plexus

Occipital artery External jugular vein

Lymph nodes

Question 14

What is drained to the superficial lymph nodes?

Answer 14

scalp, face and neck. Drains into the deep lymph nodes. Includes, pre and post auricula, occipital, submental, submandibullar and parotid

Question 15

Whato do the deep cervical lymph nodes convere to form?

Answer 15

left (combnes with the thoracic duct) an dright (foms right lymphatic duct) jugular lympatic trunks

Question 16

where do the superficial lymph nodes drain into?

Answer 16

deep

Question 17

enlarged virchows node could be what?

Answer 17

abdominal malignancy

Question 18

Which tonsils form thwaldeyers ring

Answer 18

All of them (Pharyngeal, tubal, palatine and lingual)

Question 19

Adenoids aka

Answer 19

Pharyngeal tonsils

Question 20

Thyroid gland spinal levels

Answer 20

C5-T1

Question 21

Where are the parathyroid glands?

Answer 21

on the posterior aspect of the thyroid (2 superior and 2 inferior)

Question 22

Blood supply and venous drainage of the tyroid and parathyroid veins

Answer 22

Superior and inferior thyroid artery , superior, inferior and middle thyroid veins drain the thyroid gland.

The parathyroid glands have INFERIOR thyroid artery only but still drain to all 3