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H.O.E > Anatomy and Physiology Unit 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology Unit 1 Flashcards

0
Q

blood pH

A

7.35-7.45 in humans

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1
Q

anion

A

ion carrying a negative charge

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2
Q

cation

A

ion carrying a positive charge

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3
Q

characteristics of atom

A

identical building blocks for elements

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4
Q

characteristics of growth

A

increase in size of body part or organism

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5
Q

characteristic of matter

A

things you can use your senses on

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6
Q

characteristics of serous membranes

A

thin sheet of epithelial tissue lines cavities

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7
Q

define a mixture

A

two or more components physically intermixed

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8
Q

define a suspension

A

liquid through which a solid is dispersed and separated

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9
Q

define atom

A

identical building blocks for each elements

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10
Q

define atomic number

A

equal to the number of protons

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11
Q

define ATP

A

ready to use energy that allows all metabolic energies to work

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12
Q

define cation

A

ion carrying a positive charge

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13
Q

define CH4

A

methane; soluble in water

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14
Q

define diploe

A

the spongy bone structure of internal part of short, flat bones

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15
Q

define enzymes

A

regulate reaction speed

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16
Q

define gross anatomy

A

do not need microscope to see it

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17
Q

define isotope

A

two or more atoms that have same atomic number but different number of neutrons

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18
Q

define mediastinum

A

membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ

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19
Q

define molecule

A

two or more atoms combined

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20
Q

define negative feedback

A

the body has enough and just shuts off that part

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21
Q

define neutron

A

electrically neutral particle

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22
Q

define parital pleural

A

membrane lines walls of the pleural cavity

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23
Q

define RNA

A

helps direct protein synthesis; ribonucleic acid

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24
Q

define visceral pleural

A

membrane lining the lungs

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25
Q

definition of cells

A

building blocks of the body

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26
Q

definition of homeostasis

A

state of balance in the body

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27
Q

definition of organs

A

groups of two or more tissues

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28
Q

definition of systems

A

groups of two or more organ

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29
Q

definition of tissues

A

groups of two or more cells

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30
Q

describe the anatomical position

A

facing forward, hands at side, palms forward, feet spread shoulder width apart

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31
Q

differentiate between positive and negative feedback

A

negative is homeostasis (good); positive is blood clotting too much (bad)

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32
Q

discuss chemical energy

A

potential energy in chemical bonds

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33
Q

discuss coronal/frontal cut

A

divided body into front and back halves

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34
Q

discuss developmental anatomy

A

anatomy that changes over time based on body’s development

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35
Q

discuss electriacl energy

A

energy that flows between objects that are different temps

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36
Q

discuss gross anatomy

A

doesnt need microscope

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37
Q

discuss growth

A

increase in size of body parts or organisms

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38
Q

discuss homeostasis

A

balance in the body

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39
Q

discuss hydrogen bond

A

hydrogen combines it; weakest bond

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40
Q

discuss ionic bond

A

positive and negative bonded together

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41
Q

discuss isotopes

A

number of protons same but different number of neutrons

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42
Q

discuss mechanical energy

A

the sum of potential and kinetic energy

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43
Q

discuss metabolism

A

all chemical reactions that occur in the body

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44
Q

discuss microscopic anatomy

A

need microscope to see it

45
Q

discuss molecular bonds

A

(covalent bonds) share electron pairs

46
Q

discuss nonpolar covalent bond

A

when electrons are shared equally

47
Q

discuss oblique cut

A

cut at an angle

48
Q

discuss polar bond

A

when electrons are not shared equally

49
Q

discuss radiant energy

A

energy of electromagnetic radiation

50
Q

discuss reproduction

A

the formation of a new cell of organism

51
Q

discuss responsiveness

A

ability to sense change

52
Q

discuss sagittal cut

A

left and right halves

53
Q

discuss systemic anatomy

A

anatomy of the systems of the body

54
Q

discuss what it means to be superficial vs. deep

A

superficial: near the surface of the body
deep: away from the surface of the body

55
Q

elements found in the body

A

N H C O Ca P K S Na Cl Mg I Fe

56
Q

examples of positive and negative feedback

A

positive: blood clots
negative: thermostats

57
Q

function of CHO

A

(carbon, hydrogen, oxygen); gives energy

58
Q

functional characteristics of life

A

maintaining boundries, movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth

59
Q

functions of integumentary system

A

protect deep tissue from injury and synthesizes vitamin D

60
Q

functions of muscular system

A

allows manipulation of environment; locomotion; posture; heat

61
Q

functions of nervous system

A

responds to stimuli by activating muscles and glands

62
Q

functions of proteins

A

main: transportation

63
Q

functions of skeletal system

A

protects body and organs; framework

64
Q

functions of systems

A

to work that body

65
Q

give examples of organs in each cavity

A

cranial: brain; spinal: spine; thoracic: lungs; abdominal: stomach; pelvic: bladder

66
Q

identify all tissue types in the human body

A

epithelial, connective, nerve, muscle

67
Q

identify survival needs

A

nutrients, oxygen, water, body temp, atmospheric pressure, homeostasis

68
Q

identify the major chemical substances in body

A

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen

69
Q

identify the organization of human body

A

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system

70
Q

influencing factors for chemical reactions

A

temperature, size of particle, concentration, catalystm enzyme

71
Q

interpreting pH

A

normal blood pH; 7.35-7.45

72
Q

location of abdominal cavity

A

stomach

73
Q

location of cranial cavity

A

brain

74
Q

location of spinal cavity

A

spine

75
Q

location of thoracic cavity

A

lungs

76
Q

make up of lipids

A

have C,H,O in it but less oxygen that there is in carbohydrates

77
Q

mechanical energy

A

the sum of potential and kinetic energy

78
Q

mechanisms of homeostasis

A

balance in the body

79
Q

most abundant protein

A

rubisco

80
Q

mucous memnranes

A

thin sheet of epithelial tissue lines cavities that open to the outside of the body (example: nose)

81
Q

organs of cardiovascular system

A

heart, blood, vessles, arteries, capillaries, veins,

82
Q

organs of endocrine system

A

pancreas and major glands

83
Q

organs of respiratory system

A

lungs; trachea; larynx; pharynx; nostrils

84
Q

organs of urinary system

A

kidney, ureters, bladder, urethra

85
Q

organs of digestive system

A

esophagus, liver, stomach, small and large intestine, rectum, and gallbladder

86
Q

potential energy vs. kinetic energy

A

potential: stored energy
kinetic: ready to use energy

87
Q

provide an example of compound

A

NaCl

88
Q

provide example of element

A

Na

89
Q

provide example of mixture

A

sea water

90
Q

purpose of negative feedback

A

homeostasis

91
Q

redox reactions

A

agent loses electrons and is oxidized

92
Q

use of term anterior

A

front

93
Q

use of term distal

A

away form origin

94
Q

use of term inferior

A

away from head

95
Q

use of term medial

A

toward midline

96
Q

use of term proximal

A

close to origin

97
Q

use of term superior

A

toward head

98
Q

what are enzymes

A

speed up reactions

99
Q

what are organic compounds

A

large, covalently bonded compounds with oxygen

100
Q

what are salts

A

reaction between acids and bases; inorganic; electrolytes

101
Q

what is a chemical reaction

A

occurs when chemical bonds are formed, rearranged, or broken

102
Q

what is a solution

A

homogeneous mixture of components; solvent and solute

103
Q

what is an electron

A

orbit nucleus; negative charge; 0 amu

104
Q

what is catabolism

A

all decomposition reactions in body ; release energy

105
Q

what is colloid

A

heterogeneous mixture whose solutes done settle out

106
Q

what is histology

A

the study of tissues

107
Q

what is histology

A

the study of tissues

108
Q

what is homeostatic imbalance

A

the body is not balanced

109
Q

what is irritability

A

excessive response to stimuli

110
Q

what is a proton

A

positive charge; in nucleus; 1 amu

111
Q

what is the dorsal cavity

A

cavity in back; included cranial and spinal cavities

H.O.E (10 decks)

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