Anatomy and Physiology Unit 1 Flashcards
0
Q
blood pH
A
7.35-7.45 in humans
1
Q
anion
A
ion carrying a negative charge
2
Q
cation
A
ion carrying a positive charge
3
Q
characteristics of atom
A
identical building blocks for elements
4
Q
characteristics of growth
A
increase in size of body part or organism
5
Q
characteristic of matter
A
things you can use your senses on
6
Q
characteristics of serous membranes
A
thin sheet of epithelial tissue lines cavities
7
Q
define a mixture
A
two or more components physically intermixed
8
Q
define a suspension
A
liquid through which a solid is dispersed and separated
9
Q
define atom
A
identical building blocks for each elements
10
Q
define atomic number
A
equal to the number of protons
11
Q
define ATP
A
ready to use energy that allows all metabolic energies to work
12
Q
define cation
A
ion carrying a positive charge
13
Q
define CH4
A
methane; soluble in water
14
Q
define diploe
A
the spongy bone structure of internal part of short, flat bones
15
Q
define enzymes
A
regulate reaction speed
16
Q
define gross anatomy
A
do not need microscope to see it
17
Q
define isotope
A
two or more atoms that have same atomic number but different number of neutrons
18
Q
define mediastinum
A
membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ
19
Q
define molecule
A
two or more atoms combined
20
Q
define negative feedback
A
the body has enough and just shuts off that part
21
Q
define neutron
A
electrically neutral particle
22
Q
define parital pleural
A
membrane lines walls of the pleural cavity
23
Q
define RNA
A
helps direct protein synthesis; ribonucleic acid
24
define visceral pleural
membrane lining the lungs
25
definition of cells
building blocks of the body
26
definition of homeostasis
state of balance in the body
27
definition of organs
groups of two or more tissues
28
definition of systems
groups of two or more organ
29
definition of tissues
groups of two or more cells
30
describe the anatomical position
facing forward, hands at side, palms forward, feet spread shoulder width apart
31
differentiate between positive and negative feedback
negative is homeostasis (good); positive is blood clotting too much (bad)
32
discuss chemical energy
potential energy in chemical bonds
33
discuss coronal/frontal cut
divided body into front and back halves
34
discuss developmental anatomy
anatomy that changes over time based on body's development
35
discuss electriacl energy
energy that flows between objects that are different temps
36
discuss gross anatomy
doesnt need microscope
37
discuss growth
increase in size of body parts or organisms
38
discuss homeostasis
balance in the body
39
discuss hydrogen bond
hydrogen combines it; weakest bond
40
discuss ionic bond
positive and negative bonded together
41
discuss isotopes
number of protons same but different number of neutrons
42
discuss mechanical energy
the sum of potential and kinetic energy
43
discuss metabolism
all chemical reactions that occur in the body
44
discuss microscopic anatomy
need microscope to see it
45
discuss molecular bonds
(covalent bonds) share electron pairs
46
discuss nonpolar covalent bond
when electrons are shared equally
47
discuss oblique cut
cut at an angle
48
discuss polar bond
when electrons are not shared equally
49
discuss radiant energy
energy of electromagnetic radiation
50
discuss reproduction
the formation of a new cell of organism
51
discuss responsiveness
ability to sense change
52
discuss sagittal cut
left and right halves
53
discuss systemic anatomy
anatomy of the systems of the body
54
discuss what it means to be superficial vs. deep
superficial: near the surface of the body
deep: away from the surface of the body
55
elements found in the body
N H C O Ca P K S Na Cl Mg I Fe
56
examples of positive and negative feedback
positive: blood clots
negative: thermostats
57
function of CHO
(carbon, hydrogen, oxygen); gives energy
58
functional characteristics of life
maintaining boundries, movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth
59
functions of integumentary system
protect deep tissue from injury and synthesizes vitamin D
60
functions of muscular system
allows manipulation of environment; locomotion; posture; heat
61
functions of nervous system
responds to stimuli by activating muscles and glands
62
functions of proteins
main: transportation
63
functions of skeletal system
protects body and organs; framework
64
functions of systems
to work that body
65
give examples of organs in each cavity
cranial: brain; spinal: spine; thoracic: lungs; abdominal: stomach; pelvic: bladder
66
identify all tissue types in the human body
epithelial, connective, nerve, muscle
67
identify survival needs
nutrients, oxygen, water, body temp, atmospheric pressure, homeostasis
68
identify the major chemical substances in body
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
69
identify the organization of human body
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system
70
influencing factors for chemical reactions
temperature, size of particle, concentration, catalystm enzyme
71
interpreting pH
normal blood pH; 7.35-7.45
72
location of abdominal cavity
stomach
73
location of cranial cavity
brain
74
location of spinal cavity
spine
75
location of thoracic cavity
lungs
76
make up of lipids
have C,H,O in it but less oxygen that there is in carbohydrates
77
mechanical energy
the sum of potential and kinetic energy
78
mechanisms of homeostasis
balance in the body
79
most abundant protein
rubisco
80
mucous memnranes
thin sheet of epithelial tissue lines cavities that open to the outside of the body (example: nose)
81
organs of cardiovascular system
heart, blood, vessles, arteries, capillaries, veins,
82
organs of endocrine system
pancreas and major glands
83
organs of respiratory system
lungs; trachea; larynx; pharynx; nostrils
84
organs of urinary system
kidney, ureters, bladder, urethra
85
organs of digestive system
esophagus, liver, stomach, small and large intestine, rectum, and gallbladder
86
potential energy vs. kinetic energy
potential: stored energy
kinetic: ready to use energy
87
provide an example of compound
NaCl
88
provide example of element
Na
89
provide example of mixture
sea water
90
purpose of negative feedback
homeostasis
91
redox reactions
agent loses electrons and is oxidized
92
use of term anterior
front
93
use of term distal
away form origin
94
use of term inferior
away from head
95
use of term medial
toward midline
96
use of term proximal
close to origin
97
use of term superior
toward head
98
what are enzymes
speed up reactions
99
what are organic compounds
large, covalently bonded compounds with oxygen
100
what are salts
reaction between acids and bases; inorganic; electrolytes
101
what is a chemical reaction
occurs when chemical bonds are formed, rearranged, or broken
102
what is a solution
homogeneous mixture of components; solvent and solute
103
what is an electron
orbit nucleus; negative charge; 0 amu
104
what is catabolism
all decomposition reactions in body ; release energy
105
what is colloid
heterogeneous mixture whose solutes done settle out
106
what is histology
the study of tissues
107
what is histology
the study of tissues
108
what is homeostatic imbalance
the body is not balanced
109
what is irritability
excessive response to stimuli
110
what is a proton
positive charge; in nucleus; 1 amu
111
what is the dorsal cavity
cavity in back; included cranial and spinal cavities
