Anatomy and Physiology of the Nose Flashcards
What is the anatomy of the nose?
Bones:
- Nasal bone
- Lacrimal bone
- Vomer
- Nasal cartilage
- Frontal process of maxilla
Structures:
Lateral wall - turbinates
Roof - cribriform plate
Floor - hard palate
Paranasal sinuses
Nasopharynx
What is the blood supply of the nose?
- Anterior and Posterior supply
- Anterior supply is derived from branches of ICA (Anterior and Posterior Ethmoid arteries)
- Posterior supply dervied from branches of ECA (sphenopalatine)
What is the sensory innervation of the nose?
Special sensory - Olfactory
Sensation - Maxillary branch of Trigeminal
What is the function of the nose?
Functions of the nose:
- Inspiration/expiration of air
- Humidifies inspired air
What is the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses?
- Frontal sinus
- Sphenoid sinus
- Paired maxillary sinuses
- Ethmoid sinus (anterior & posterior)
What is the sensory innervation of the sinuses?
Frontal - Opthalmic branch of Trigeminal
Sphenoid - Opthalmic branch
Ethmoid - Opthalmic branch
Maxillary - Maxillary branch of Trigeminal
What is the function of the paranasal air sinuses?
- Reduce weight of skull
- Helping with voice production
What is the anatomy of the turbinates?
Superior turbinate
Middle turbinate
Inferior turbinate
What is the function of the turbinates?
- Cause turbulence of inspired air, allowing it time to get humidified
- The mucus covered turbinates rovide an immunological barrier
- Filtering of air
What is the anatomy of the nasopharynx?
What is the epithelium lining the nose and sinuses?
Respiratory ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
What structures do the turbinates drain?
Superior turbinate - Posterior ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses
Middle turbinate - Frontal, maxillary, anterior ethmoid
Inferior meatus - Nasolacrimal duct (drains tears)
