Anatomy And Physiology For Exercise And Health Moch Exam Q.

Question 1

The structures that prevent backflow of blood between the chambers of the heart are:

1. Atrioventricular valves
2. Ventricoatrial valves
3. Ventricoarterial valves
4. Atrioarterial valves

Answer 1

Atrioventricular valves

Question 2

The valsalva manoeuvre:

1. Has no effect on blood pressure
2. Decreases blood pressure
3. Increases blood pressure
4. Decreases diastolic pressure

Answer 2

Increases blood pressure

Question 3

Which of the following is a cardiovascular benefit of aerobic training?

1. Reduced arterial elasticity
2. Improved myocardial contractility
3. Lower cardiac output
4. Higher lactic acid

Answer 3

Improved myocardial contractility

Question 4

Optimal systolic blood pressure is considered to be:

1. 90 mmHg
2. 120 mmHg
3. 150 mmHg
4. 180 mmHg

Answer 4

120 mmHg

Question 5

The myelin sheath is vital for:

1. Sensing heat and pain
2. Releasing acetylcholine
3. Generating an action potential
4. Fast transmission of impulses

Answer 5

Fast transmission of impulses

Question 6

Calcium release in muscle tissue to stimulate actin and myosin interaction flows from the:

1. Cytoplasm
2. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
3. Muscle spindle
4. Golgi tendon organ

Answer 6

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

Where is the origin of rectus abdominis?

1. Pubis
2. Femur
3. Lower ribs
4. Sternum

Answer 7

Pubis

Question 8

Which of the following muscles eccentrically controls adduction of the shoulder?

1. Latissimus dorsi
2. Pectoralis major
3. Deltoids
4. Biceps brachii

Answer 8

Deltoids

Question 9

Through which axis must the hips rotate, as the femur is moved into internal or external rotation?

1. Anterior posterior axis
2. Transverse axis
3. Longitudinal axis
4. Medial axis

Answer 9

Longitudinal axis

Question 10

Whilst the pectoralis major contracts concentrically, which action takes place at the shoulder?

1. Horizontal flexion
2. Lateral flexion
3. Retraction
4. Elevation

Answer 10

Horizontal flexion

Question 11

When in a standing position which movement occurs at the shoulder joint whilst reaching toward the ceiling?

1. Plantar flexion
2. Flexion
3. Protraction
4. Retraction

Answer 11

Flexion

Question 12

During the downward phase of a squat which movement occurs at the hip?

1. Lateral flexion
2. Horizontal flexion
3. Flexion
4. Plantar flexion

Answer 12

Flexion

Question 13

The lumbar spine:

1. Forms a joint with the ribs
2. Forms a joint with the pelvis
3. Has the largest vertebrae
4. Allows more rotation than flexion

Answer 13

Has the largest vertebrae

Question 14

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the inner unit?

1. Diaphragm
2. Iliopsoas
3. Pelvic floor
4. Transversus abdominis

Answer 14

Iliopsoas

Question 15

Insufficient core muscle function can lead to:

1. Increased inner unit recruitment
2. Increased intra-abdominal pressure
3. Reduced loading of spinal ligaments
4. Increased postural abnormalities

Answer 15

Increased postural abnormalities

Question 16

An increased lumbar lordosis:

1. Decreases pressure on the intervertebral discs
2. Increases pressure on the intervertebral discs
3. Decreases pressure on the transverse processes
4. Increases pressure on the transverse processes

Answer 16

Increases pressure on the intervertebral discs

Question 17

A posterior disc bulge is more likely to be aggravated by:

1. Spinal extension
2. Shoulder extension
3. Plantar flexion
4. Spinal flexion

Answer 17

Spinal flexion

Question 18

The section of the nervous system solely responsible for conscious control is the:

1. Peripheral nervous system
2. Central nervous system
3. Somatic nervous system
4. Autonomic nervous system

Answer 18

Somatic nervous system

Question 19

Muscle fibres can only function as part of a:

1. Motor group
2. Motor neuron
3. Motor unit
4. Motor stimulus

Answer 19

Motor unit

Question 20

A single motor unit:

1. Can increase the force it generates
2. Can decrease the force it generates
3. Cannot vary the force it generates
4. Frequently varies the force it generates

Answer 20

Cannot vary the force it generates

Question 21

Rapidly lengthening a muscle will stimulate a neural response called:

1. The rapid reflex
2. The stretch reflex
3. The inverse stretch reflex
4. The converse stretch reflex

Answer 21

The stretch reflex

Question 22

Reciprocal inhibition occurs during muscular control to:

1. Prevent excessive force generation
2. Allow easier contraction of the agonist
3. Prevent contraction of the agonist
4. Allow greater joint stabilisation

Answer 22

Allow easier contraction of the agonist

Question 23

Which of the following lists only contains endocrine glands?

1. Pituitary, adrenals and liver
2. Thyroid, pancreas and heart
3. Pancreas, pituitary and thyroid
4. Spleen, testes and ovaries

Answer 23

Pancreas, pituitary and thyroid

Question 24

Which of the following hormones helps to maintain basal metabolic rate?

1. Growth hormone
2. Thyroid hormones
3. Oestrogen
4. Cortisol

Answer 24

Thyroid hormones

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a by-product of the aerobic energy system?

1. Carbon dioxide
2. Heat
3. Water
4. Lactic acid

Answer 25

Lactic acid