Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology-Anatomy and Physiology > Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the six levels of structural organization of the body?

A

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define metabolism

A

sum of all chemical reactions in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the eleven body systems? (MR DICE RUNS)

A

Muscular, Respiratory, Digestive, Integumentary, Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Reproduction, Urinary, Nervous, Skeletal,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the Integumentary System and what organs are a part of it?

A

provides protection, regulates body temp, synthesizes vitamin D, and houses sensor receptors. Skin, nails, hair.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the Skeletal system and what organs are associated with it?

A

provides support and protection, stores calcium and phosphorous, provides sites for ligament and muscle attachments, site of hematopoiesis. Skull, sternum, cartilage, vertebrae, sacrum, knee joint, limb bones, rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the Nervous system and what organs are associated with it?

A

responds to stimuli, controls muscles and some glands, responsible for consciousness, intelligence, and memory. eye, brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system, nerves, central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the Muscular system and what organs are associated with it?

A

produces body movement, generates heat. pectoralis major muscle, aponeurosis, tendons, sartorius muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the Endocrine system and what organs are associated with it?

A

responsible for hormones, maintaining homeostasis of blood composition and volume, control digestive processes, and control reproductive functions. Pineal gland, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, kidney, testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the Cardiovascular system and what organs are associated with it?

A

distributes hormones, nutrients, gases, and pick up waste products. heart and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the Respiratory system and what organs are associated with it?

A

responsible for exchange of gases (oxygen and Co2). lungs, esophagus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the Lymphatic system and what organs are associated with it?

A

transports and filters lymph, participate in immune response. tonsils, cervical lymph node, thymus, axillary, lymph nodes, spleen, thoracic duct, inguinal lymph nodes, popliteal lymph node, lymph vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the Urinary system and what organs are associated with it?

A

concentrates waste products in the form of urine, filters waste. kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the digestive system and what organs are associated with it?

A

digests food, absorbs nutrients, expels waste products. salivary gland, oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, liver, stomach, large intestine, small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the Male Reproductive system and what organs are associated with it?

A

produces male sex cells and hormones, transfers sperm to the female. ductus deferens, prostate gland, urethra, testis, seminal vesicle, epididymis, penis, scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the Female Reproductive system and what organs are associated with it?

A

produces female sex cells and hormones, receives sperm from male, site of fertilization, site of growth and development, produces breast milk. mammary glands, uterine tube, uterus, vagina, clitoris, labia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

define homeostasis

A

the ability of an organism to maintain consistent internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three components of homeostatic controls?

A

receptor, control center, effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

describe the receptor

A

detects stimulus and sends info to the control center. sensory neurons, stretch receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

describe the control center

A

integrates information from receptor and initiates change through effector. the brain or endocrine gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

describe the effector

A

brings about change to a stimulus. muscle or gland

21
Q

What are negative feedback mechanisms?

A

process that brings about reversal of any changes in conditions

22
Q

What are positive feedback mechanisms?

A

an increase in a variable until a climatic event is reached

23
Q

What are the characteristics of anatomic position?

A

upright stance, eyes look forward, head is level, upper limbs at the sides of body, palms face anteriorly, feet parallel and flat on the floor

24
Q

define section

A

cut or slice that exposes internal anatomy

25
Q

define plane

A

imaginary flat surface passing through body

26
Q

describe the coronal plane

A

vertical plane dividing body into anterior and posterior parts

27
Q

describe the transverse plane

A

horizontal plane dividing body into superior and inferior parts

28
Q

midsagittal plane

A

vertical plane dividing the body into equal left and right halves

29
Q

sagittal plane

A

parallel to midsagittal, but left or right of midsagittal

30
Q

Oblique plane

A

passes through structure at an angle

31
Q

anterior/ posterior

A

front/ back

32
Q

dorsal/ventral

A

back of body, front of body

33
Q

proximal/ distal

A

towards/ away

34
Q

superior/ inferior

A

above/ below

35
Q

medial/ lateral

A

closer to the middle/ away from the middle

36
Q

What makes up the axial region?

A

head, neck, trunk, main vertical axis of body

37
Q

what makes up the appendicular region?

A

upper and lower limbs

38
Q

what makes up the cephalic region?

A

frontal, orbital, nasal, buccal, oral, mental, (back) cranial, occipital, auricular

39
Q

what makes up the thoracic region?

A

axillary, mammary, pectoral, sternal, vertebral

40
Q

what makes up the upper extremity region?

A

deltoid, brachial, antecubital, olecranal, antebrachial, carpal, dorsum of hand, manus, palmar, digital

41
Q

what makes up the lower extremity region?

A

femoral, patellar, popliteal, crural, sural, calcaneal, plantar surface, tarsal, pes

42
Q

what makes up the abdominal region?

A

lumbar, sacral, gluteal, perineal, abdomen

43
Q

what are the body cavities?

A

posterior aspect and ventral cavity

44
Q

what 2 cavities can be found in the posterior aspect cavity?

A

cranial cavity and vertebral canal

45
Q

what 2 cavities can be found in the ventral cavity?

A

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

46
Q

what are the two layers of serous membranes?

A

parietal layer and visceral layer

47
Q

what are the functions of serous fluid?

A

lubricant, reduces friction

48
Q

where is the parietal layer?

A

lines internal surface of body wall

49
Q

where is the visceral layer?

A

covers external surface of organs

Biology-Anatomy and Physiology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions