Anatomy and histology of the bladder, and ureters Flashcards
True of ureters
a. Serosal layer derived from overlying mesentery derivatives
b. 3 muscle layers propel urine from kidney to bladder
c. transitional epithelium
d. reabsorption of small portion of filtrate is coursed through lymphatics
e. AOTA
E
The only true ligament that provides support for the urinary bladder.
A. pubovesical ligament B. puboprostatic ligament C. median umbilical folds D. middle umbilical ligament E. A and B
E
An important landmark used to identify the ureteral orifices when viewing the interior of the bladder by means of an endoscope
A. interureteric fold B. the vulva of the bladder C. the apex of the trigone D. torus tubarius E. the junction of the smooth and wrinkled mucosa
A
The isotope most common used for visualization of the urinary tract on radiographic examination is
A. Calcium
B. Iodine
C. Strontium
D. Technicium
B
Common findings on an intravenous spyelogram in patients with hydronephrosis are the following except:
A. flattening of the normal concavity of the calyx
B. reversal of the normal convexity of the papillae
C. atrophy of the renal pelvis
D. enlarged calyces
C
This statement describes the renal pelvis.
A. It is formed by the union of the major and minor calyces.
B. It is located mainly within the renal sinus.
C. It tapers distally as it merges distinctively with the ureter.
D. It hardly becomes dilated in obstruction of the middle third of the ureter.
E. It cannot be clearly delineated from the ureter on contrast examination of the urinary system.
B
What type of epithelium lines a distended urinary bladder?
A. cuboidal
B. columnar
C. transitional
D. stratified squamous
C
What structures in transitional epithelium provide an effective osmotic barrier between the urine in the bladder and the underlying connective tissue?
A. desmosomes
B. pedicels
C. lysosomes
D. pinocytic vesicle
A
The ureteral orifices are minute openings that are not readily seen from within the bladder wall. Which are guides to see these orifices? A. Apex of trigone B. Interureteral ridge C. Superolateral angles of trigone D. Uvula E. ABC
E
What normally stimulates micturition? A. Contraction of the detrusor muscle B. Stretching of the bladder wall C. Relaxation of the sphincter urethra D. Urine filling the trigone
B
The membranous urethra is lined by A. transitional epithelium B. stratified squamous epithelium C. pseudostratified or stratified columnar epithelium D. simple squamous epithelium E. NOTA
C
Common to renal pelvis, ureter and bladder
A. lined by thick transitional epithelium
B. covered by serosa
C. contains muscle layers involuntarily controlled
D. contains muscle layers in horizontal orientation
E. all of the above
C
What is the large space lined by transitional epithelium which funnels urine to the ureter? A. capsule B. calyx C. hilus D. papillae E. pelvis
E
How is the renal pelvis related to the renal artery and renal vein at the hilum of the kidney?
A. The renal vein is anterior to the renal artery and renal pelvis.
B. The renal artery is mainly posterior to the renal pelvis.
C. The renal vein is posterior to the renal artery.
D. There is no constant disposition of the structures in the renal hilum.
A
