Anatomy ADAMS

Question 1

allocortex

Answer 1

hippocampus and olfactory cortex

Question 2

six layers of neocortex

Answer 2

molecular or plexiform
external granular
external pyramidal
internal granular
internal pyramidal (ganglionic)
multiform (fusiform)

Question 3

2 main types of neocortex

Answer 3

homotypical - six layer arrangement is readily discerned

heterotypical - layers are less distinct - association cortex is of this type

Question 4

Brodmann areas that relate specifically to motor activities

Answer 4

4,6, 8, 44

Question 5

concerned with turning of eyes and head contralaterally

Answer 5

Area 8

Question 6

involved in the initiation of planned action and executive control of all mental operations including emotional expression

Answer 6

prefrontal areas

Question 7

stimulation of which parts of the cortex manifest effects on respiratory, circulatory, and other vegetative functions

Answer 7

orbitofrontal cortex

cingulate gyrus

Question 8

tropisms and automatisms that are normally inhibited by the frontal cortex

Answer 8

sucking, groping, grasping reflexes

Question 9

inability to carry out a commanded or learned motor task, not an ingrained one

Answer 9

apraxia

Question 10

akinetic mutism - where is the lesion

Answer 10

bilateral lesions in the ventromedial frontal regions

frontal diencephalic connections

Question 11

bradyphrenia

Answer 11

slowness of thinking

Question 12

disinhibition - where is the lesion

Answer 12

dorsolateral frontal lesions

Question 13

primary auditory receptive area

Answer 13

transverse gyri of Heschl

Question 14

tonotropic arrangememt in the transverse gyri of Heschl

Answer 14

fibers carrying high tones terminate in the medial portion of gyrus

those carrying low tones in the lateral and more rostral portions

Question 15

prosopagnosia - lesion in

Answer 15

inferior occipital lobe

Question 16

loss of recognition of an entity that cannot be attributed to a defect in the primary sensory modality

Answer 16

agnosia

Question 17

inability to distinguish objects by their size, shape, weight and texture

Answer 17

astereognosis

Question 18

inability to recognize figures written on the skin

Answer 18

agraphesthesia

Question 19

inability to distinguish between single and double contacts

Answer 19

impairment of two-point disrimination

Question 20

optic ataxia

Answer 20

clumsiness in reaching for and grasping for an object under visual guidance

Question 21

anosognosia

Answer 21

unawareness of deficit

Question 22

agnosias and apraxias - lesion

Answer 22

superior parietal lobule

Question 23

inability to reproduce geometric figures

Answer 23

constructional apraxia

Question 24

left parietal

Answer 24

language and arithmetical functions

Question 25

gerstmann syndrome

left dominant inferior parietal lesion

Answer 25

finger agnosia
L-R confusion
acalculia
dysgraphia

Question 26

unique to the occipital cortex because of a thickened band of myelinated fibers dividing the 4th layer in two

Answer 26

external band of Baillarger
line of Gennari
hence the name striate cortex

Question 27

thalamic nuclei for terminus of medial lemniscal and spinothalamic fibers

Answer 27

VPL

Question 28

thalamic nuclei for terminus of trigeminal fibers

Answer 28

VPM

Question 29

In alloesthesia or allesthesia, a tactile or painful stimulus delivered on the side of hemisensory loss is experienced in a corresponding area of the opposite side or a distant side on the same side

this phenomenon is observed in lesions of

Answer 29

right-sided putaminal lesions

and with anterolateral lesions of the cervical spinal cord

Question 30

Frequency of tuning fork for testing of vibration

Answer 30

128 Hz