Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

URINARY > anatomy > Flashcards

anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what structures found in cortex and medulla?

A

cortex - glomeruli, PCT/DCT,

medulla - loops of H, collecting ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

uniferous tubule equals ?

A

nephron and collecting duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what lines visceral and parietal layers of glomeruli?

A

parietal - epithelium -squamous simple

visceral - podocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

most common renal cancer?

A

clear cell renal cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

metastases of renal cancer to? 3

A

bone
lung
liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

epithelium of ureter?

A

stratified transitional epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

muscle of ureter?

A

upper 2/3 - 2 layers of smooth muscle

lower 1/3 - 3 layers of smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how is urine moved in ureter?

A

peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

lining of bladder?

A

transitional epithelium lining

folded mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

4 layers to kidney?

A

renal capsule
perirenal fat
renal fascia - fibro/fatty tissue
pararenal fat - posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

kidney lie at what level?

A

T12-L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

hila of kidney lie where?

A

L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

order of hilum?

A

renal vein - superior and infront
renal artery - under
renal ureter - under - posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

lymph nodes of kidneys?

A

drain to para-aortic nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

visceral layer of bowman capsule lined by?

A

podocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

renal arteries arise where?

A

L1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

LEFT AND RIGHT testicular veins drain into where?

A

left testicular vein - drains into LRV

right testicular vein - drains into IVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

URETER & posts major relationship?

A

ureter lies over posts major muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ureter and external iliac artery relationship?

A

ureter crosses over the external iliac artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ureter and testicular artery relationship?

A

testicular artery runs over ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ureter intra/retro peritoneal ?

A

ureter is retroperitoneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ovarian and uterine artery and ureter relationship?

A

ovarian artery runs over and superiorly to ureter

uterine artery - runs anterior in female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 constrictions of ureter?

A

PUJ - OF RENAL PELVIS and ureter

ureters enter pelvis & crosses iliac artery bifurcation

VUJ - ureter enters bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

how does ureters enter bladder?

A

posterior - openings in back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

muscle type of internal and external urethral sphincter?

A

internal - smooth

external - skeletal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

muscle of bladder?

A

detrusor - smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

urachus remnant meaning?

where is it?

A

embryo remnant of allantois and cloaca
called as ureteric bud

connects apex of bladder to umbilicus by median umbilical ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

4 layers of tissue of bladder?

A

mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa/adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

when do bladder enlarge?

A

when there is an obstruction to urine - in ureter/urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

where do urethra enter/go through?

A

goes through pelvic diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

layers of ureter wall? 3

A

fibrous coat - connective tissue
muscular coat - 2 layers of smooth muscle- peristalsis
muscosa - transitional epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

transitional epithelium lines what?

A

inside kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is smooth muscle function in ureter?

A

for peristalsis and propel urine

34
Q

relationship between ureter and vas deferens?

A

in males vas deferens crosses ureters anteriorly

35
Q

aorta and ivc on which side?

A

aorta on left

36
Q

vas defers run where in relation to bladder?

A

vas deferns crosses with ureter and enters with it at back of bladder

37
Q

ureteric bud lead to what?

A

ureter, renal pelvis, major/minor calyces and CD

38
Q

metenephric blastema leads to what?

A

excretory system - tubules, glomeruli and bowman capsule, loop of H

39
Q

what stuff covers over left and right kidney in front?

A

left - suprarenal gland, stomach, spleen, pancreas, colon, jejunum

right - suprarenal gland, liver, duodenum, colon, jejunum

40
Q

posterior surface of kidneys?

A

diaphragm, psoas major, quadratus lomborum, transversus abdominis

41
Q

poles, surfaces and borders of kidney?

A

2 poles - superior/inferior
2 surfaces - anterior/posterior
2 borders - convex/concave

42
Q

what 2 nerves run behind kidneys?

A

iliohypogastric nerve
ilioinguinal nerve

on posterior surface of kidney

43
Q

renal columns and pyramids explain and where?

A

renal columns run between pyramids in medulla

44
Q

renal lobe includes?

A

cortex + medulla segment

45
Q

renal arteries branches? 3

A

segmental branches - 5
interlobular branches
acuate branches

46
Q

nerve supply to kidney?

A

renal plexus

sympathetic - T10-L1
sensory afferent - T11-L5

47
Q

RENAL VEIN DRAIN INTO WHERE?

48
Q

peritoneum of bladder? and creates what?

A

covers over superior surface of bladder - creates Douglas pouch

49
Q

umbilical folds 2 types - explain how formed?

A

two medial umbilical folds - occluded umbilical artery

two lateral umbilical folds - inferior epigastric vessels

50
Q

parts of urethra? 4 IN MEN

A
  • pre-prostatic part
  • prostatic
  • membranous
  • spongy - penile
51
Q

widest/longest/narrowest part of urethra?

A

WIDEST - prostatic
NARROWEST - membranous
LONGEST - spongy - penile

52
Q

length of male urethra?

53
Q

nerves for bladder? roots AND FUNCTION?

A

sympathetic - T10-L2 - constrict internal sphincter

parasympathetic - S2-S4 - constrict detrusor muscle and relax internal sphincter

somatic - S2-S4 - pudenal nerve - external sphincter

54
Q

ejaculatory duct enters where?

A

enters and joins urethra and carries semen in

55
Q

renal corpuscles is what?

A

glomerulus + bowmen capsule

56
Q

nephron includes what?

A

renal corpuscles + renal tubules(PT,DT AND LOOP)

57
Q

JUXTAGLOMERULAR apparatus function?

includes what?

A

regulates BP and gfr via the renin angiotensin system

-macula densa + jux cells

58
Q

ureter histology see what?

A

transitional epihtelium
star shaped
inner and outer smooth muscle(c + l)

59
Q

bladder layers? on histology

A

transitional epithelium
inner L
middle circ
outer L

60
Q

nerves to kindeys?
sympathetic
parasympatethic

A

by renal plexus

sympathetic nerves in t12 and L1 spinal segments - sphlanic nerves
parasympathetic from vagus

61
Q

renal arteries arise where?

62
Q

branches of renal arteries? 3

A

segmental branches
interlobular
arcuate branches

63
Q

what does adrenal medulla layer contain? 2

A

loops of hence

deep collection ducts

64
Q

cortex adrenal layer contain? 2

A

glomeruli

convoluted tubules

65
Q

3 cells in glomeruli?

A

podocytes
capillary cells
mozyniel cells

66
Q

epithelium lining of ureter?

A

stratified transitional epithelium

67
Q

muscle of ureter tube??

A

smooth muscle
upper 2/3 - 2 layers = inner L & outer C

lower 1/3 - 3 layers = inner L & middle circle & outer long

68
Q

how is urine squeezed out?

A

peristalsis

69
Q

3 muscles related to posterior kidney surface?

A

posts major
quadrates lomborum
trasnverus abdominus

70
Q

2 nerves run on posterior surface of kidney?

A

iliohypogastric nerve

ilioinguinal nerve

71
Q

renal lobe includes?

A

cortex and medulla

72
Q

regions of male urethra? 4

A

intramural - pre-prostatic
prostatic
membranous
spongy

73
Q

widest and narrowest part of male urethera?

A

widest - prostatic

narrowest - membranous

74
Q

muscle of bladder?

75
Q

nerve supply to bladder?
sympathetic
parasympathetic
somatic

A

sympathetic - t11-l2 - constrict IUS
parasympathetic - S2-4 - motor to detrusor muscle/relax IUS

somatic - pudenal nerve - EUS - VOLUNTARY CONTROL

76
Q

ARTERY of bladder?

A

internal iliac artery

77
Q

epithelium of TUBULES?

78
Q

bladder 3 layers?

A

inner longitudinal
middle circular
outer longitudinal

79
Q

3 constrictions of ureter?

A

pelvicureteric junction
pelvic brim - enters over bifurcation
vesicoureteric junction

80
Q

median umbilical ligament is remnant of?

A

urachus of hindgut

81
Q

why transitional epithelium good?

A

cells stretch to accommodate the fluctuation of urine flow

URINARY (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions