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Head and Neck > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What three parts is the skull divided into?

A 
Neuro cranium (8 bones)
Viscera cranium (facial bones)
Mandible
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2
Q

What are the three sutures of the skull called?

A

Sagittal suture
Coronal suture
Lambdoid suture

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3
Q

What is another name for the skull cap?

A

Calvaria

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4
Q

What are the points called when the coronal and sagittal suture meet and where the sagittal and lambdoid suture meet?

A

Bregma

Lambda

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5
Q

What does the epicranial aponeurosis connect?

A

Connects the anterior (frontal) and posterior (occipital) bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle

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6
Q

In which layer of the scalp are blood vessels present?

A

Dense connective tissue

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7
Q

Name the four muscles of facial expression and what nerve innervates them?

A

Orbicularis Oculi
Orbicularis Oris
Occipitofrontalis
Buccinator

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8
Q

From which foramen does the facial nerve leave to emerge onto the side of the face?

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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9
Q

Which muscles pierces the parotid gland?

A

Buccinator

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10
Q

Which nerve innervates the parotid gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN 9)

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11
Q

What are three compartments of the neck?

A

Vertebral
Visceral
Vascular

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12
Q

Name the four suprahyoid muscles

A

Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
Digastric

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13
Q

Name the four infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid

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14
Q

What are the nerve roots of the cervical plexus and from which two muscles does it emerge from?

A

C1-C4 (anterior rami)

Levator Scapulae and middle scalene

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15
Q

What two bones make up the nasal septum?

A

Vomer

Perpendicular Plate of Ethmoid

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16
Q

What type of epithelium lines the nasal cavity?

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells

17
Q

What bone are the superior and middle conchae made from?

A

Ethmoid

18
Q

What structures make up Waldyers ring?

A

Adenoids
Nasopharyngeal tonsils
Lingual Tonsils

19
Q

What are the two processes of the mandible called and which one is anterior?

A

Coronoid process is anterior to condylar process

20
Q

What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?

A

Modified hinge type synovial joint

21
Q

What two articular processes join to make the TMJ?

A

Mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Condylar process of mandible

22
Q

Name the four muscles of mastication

A

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial and lateral pterygoids

23
Q

What are the two attachments of the temporalis muscle?

A

Coronoid process

Temporal fossa

24
Q

What separates the tongue into thirds?

A

Terminal sulcus

25
Q

What supplies the tongue with taste sensation?

A

Anterior two thirds supplied by chorda tympani

Posterior third supplied by internal laryngeal

26
Q

What supplies the tongue with general sensory innervation?

A

Anterior two thirds supplied by lingual nerve from mandibular branch of trigeminal
Posterior third supplied by glossopharyngeal nerve

27
Q

Which vertebral level is the larynx located?

A

C3-6

28
Q

Which extrinsic muscles of the eye aren’t supplied by the third CN?

A

Lateral rectus-abducens nerve

Superior oblique-trochlear

29
Q

What types of joints are found between the bones of the ear?

A

Synovial joints

30
Q

What is the action of the tensor tympani?

A

Pulls malleus medially to tense the tympanic membrane therefore reducing the amplification of vibrations

31
Q

What is the action of the stapedius?

A

Pulls the stapes posteriorly therefore reducing oscillatory range

32
Q

At what age do the anterior and posterior fontanelles of the skull close?

A

Anterior-18-24 months

Posterior-2-3 months

33
Q

What type of epithelium lines the tongue?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium (keratinised if filiform papillae)

34
Q

Describe the histological secretions of the three salivary glands

A

Parotid-predominantly serous secretions so stains intensely
Sublingual-predominantly mucous so doesn’t stain well
Submandibular-has both mucous and serous secretions so get both a deep stain and pale

Head and Neck (10 decks)

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