Anatomy

Question 1

Where is the tip of the heart located?

Answer 1

At the junction of the midclavicular line and the 5th intercostal space

Question 2

What are the divisions of the mediastinum?

Answer 2

Superior mediastinum
Middle mediastinum (pericardial cavity)
Posterior cavity
Anterior cavity

Question 3

At which vertebral level can you find the pericardial cavity?

Answer 3

Between T4 and T5

Question 4

Where in the mediastinum do you find the thymus?

Answer 4

On the anterior cavity

Question 5

The arch of the aorta is divided in three parts. What are they?

Answer 5

Right brachiocephalic trunk
Left subclavian artery
Left common carotic artery

Question 6

The superior vena cava divides in two veins. What are they?

Answer 6

Right subclavian vein

Right internal jugular vein

Question 7

What is the oblique sinus?

Answer 7

A pocket beside the heart (you touched it!)

Question 8

Behind the pulmonary trunk, there’s a space where you can pass four finger. What is it?

Answer 8

Transverse sinus

Question 9

What divides the two ventricles from the atrium?

Answer 9

The coronary sinus

Question 10

What divides the two ventricles?

Answer 10

The interventricular sulcus

Question 11

The left coronary artery divides in what?

Answer 11

Anterior ventricular branch

Circumflex branch

Question 12

The right coronary artery divides in what?

Answer 12

Posterior interventricular branch

Marginal branch

Question 13

What is darker, veins or arteries?

Answer 13

Veins

Question 14

Where is located the sino-atrial node?

Answer 14

On the right ventricle

Question 15

Where does the sino-atrial nodal branch starts?

Answer 15

At the interventricular sulcus

Question 16

The great, middle and small cardiac vein are connected together by what?

Answer 16

The coronary sinus

Question 17

Sometimes, there are vessels starting at the aorta that allow the blood to bypass obstructed vessels. What are they called?

Answer 17

Grafts

Question 18

What does stenosis mean?

Answer 18

Narrowing

Question 19

Right atria receives blood from which vessels?

Answer 19

Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Coronary sinus

Question 20

What is the fossa ovalis?

Answer 20

A thin membrane that closes the right ventricle to the left ventricle.

Question 21

The pectinated muscle of the heart ends where?

Answer 21

At the Crista terminalis

Question 22

What is the tricuspid valve?

Answer 22

The valve that transitions between the atrium and the ventricle

Question 23

What are the right ventricle tricuspid valve?

Answer 23

Septal cusp (also named medial cusp)
Posterior cusp
Anterior cusp

Question 24

Why do the papillary muscles pull on cusps?

Answer 24

To prevent prolapse when the ventricle contracts

Question 25

What are the pulmonary valves of the right ventricle?

Answer 25

Anterior cusp Right cusp Left cusp

Question 26

You see one papillary per cusp. In which ventricle are you?

Answer 26

Right ventricle

Question 27

Both papillary muscles pull on both cusps. In which ventricle are you?

Answer 27

Left ventricle

Question 28

What is called the left atrio-ventricular valve?

Answer 28

The mitral valve

Question 29

What is called the outer wall of the ventricle?

Answer 29

Traberculae Carnae

Question 30

There's two nodes in the right atrium. What are they?

Answer 30

Sinoatrial node | Atrio-ventricular node

Question 31

The sinoatrial node and the atrio-ventricular node are connected by what?

Answer 31

The internodal bundle

Question 32

What is the Bundle of His?

Answer 32

Specialized heart muscle cells for electrical impulses, located at the interventricular walls of the right atrium

Question 33

The atrio-ventricular node is connected to the Bundle of His by what?

Answer 33

The Moderator Band

Question 34

The Moderator Band does what?

Answer 34

Activates anterior papillary muscles

Question 35

The Spinal cords T2 to T4 links to the cardiac plexus by...

Answer 35

Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion Middle cervical ganglion Inferior cervical ganglion

Question 36

What are the cardiac nerves?

Answer 36

Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion | Middle cervical ganglion

Question 37

The vegus nerve links the cardiac plexus to what?

Answer 37

Medulla oblongata

Question 38

Normally, the esophagus is compressed by three things. What are they?

Answer 38

Larynx End of trachea Diaphragm

Question 39

Left vagus nerve will scoop under what?

Answer 39

Arch of the aorta

Question 40

Right vagus nerve will scoop under what?

Answer 40

Right brachio-cephalic trunk

Question 41

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve do?

Answer 41

Innervate the voice box

Question 42

Inflammation of the right brachio-cephalic trunk and the aorta may lead to what?

Answer 42

Alter/suppress the voice (inflammation of those parts may compress on the recurrent laryngeal nerve that innervates the voice box)

Question 43

What are the sympathetic nerves that form the greater splanchnic nerve?

Answer 43

T5 to T9

Question 44

What are the sympathetic nerves that form the lesser splanchnic nerve?

Answer 44

T10 to T11

Question 45

Which autonomous nervous system goes through a ganglion? The somatic or visceral?

Answer 45

Visceral

Question 46

Pain from the heart is often mistaken to come from the inner skin of left arm, left shoulder and center of thorax because they are all innervate by which nerves?

Answer 46

T1 to T4