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Science Module 3 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

T or F: Anatomy is the study of the organism’s normal functions

A

false: Physiology (anatomy is the study of STRUCTURE)

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2
Q

How does O2 enter the body in inhalation?

A

Mouth/nose > pharynx > larynx > trachea > lungs > bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli (gas exchange)

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3
Q

The diaphragm ______ during exhalation

A

expands

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4
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

A

left + right atrium, left + right ventricle

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5
Q

The largest blood vessel that carries blood to the rest of the body

A

Aorta

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6
Q

Function of red blood cells?

A

Contain hemoglobin that carry oxygen

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7
Q

Function of white blood cells?

A

Fight foreign bodies and disease

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8
Q

Function of platelets?

A

Used for blood clotting

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9
Q

Where is blood produced?

A

Bone marrow

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10
Q

Which circuit (systematic or pulmonary) involves the flow of blood between the heart and the lungs?

A

Pulmonary

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11
Q

What is the purpose of amylase?

A

To digest starch into simple sugars

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12
Q

What food is called as it goes down the esophagus

A

bolus

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13
Q

What are the wave like contractions that happen in the esophagus?

A

Peristalsis

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14
Q

What do the gastric juices of the stomach contain?

A

HCl and proteases

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15
Q

What is produced by the liver?

A

Bile (breaks down fat globules)

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16
Q

What releases bile?

A

Gall bladder

17
Q

What absorbs nutrients in the small intestine?

A

Villi

18
Q

Units that filter the blood in the kidneys

A

Nephrons

19
Q

Where does urine exit?

A

Urethra

20
Q

Where are sperm cells produced?

A

Seminiferous tubules in the testis

21
Q

Before they pass through the vas deferens, where are sperm cells stored?

A

Epididymis

22
Q

The gland that produces seminal fluid that mixes with the sperm

A

Prostate gland

23
Q

The gland that produces lubrication in the urethra

A

Bulbourethral gland

24
Q

What is produces in the ovaries monthly?

A

egg cell or ovum

25
Q

Where does the ovum enter when mature?

A

Oviduct/ Fallopian tube and into the uterus

26
Q

The endocrine gland that affects all other glands

A

Pituitary gland

27
Q

What hormone is produced by the pineal gland?

A

Melatonin (for sleep)

28
Q

The gland that regulates many functions and is found above the brain stem

A

Hypothalamus

29
Q

Which gland produces thyroxine, a hormone that controls growth?

A

Thyroid gland

30
Q

The glands that produce adrenaline

A

Adrenal gland

31
Q

What does the immune system include?

A

Spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, thymus, white blood cells

32
Q

What is the largest organ in our body?

A

Skin

33
Q

What are the 3 kinds of muscles?

A

Smooth, skeletal, cardiac

34
Q

What is a ligament?

A

connects two bones and holds a joint

Science Module 3 (7 decks)

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