Anatomy Flashcards
Regarding the circulatory system what is rate proportional to?
Square of the distance
What vessels supply the heart muscle with blood?
Coronary arteries 3 major: left anterior descending (LAD), circumflex (circ), right coronary artery (RCA)
What are the factors that affect diffusion?
Area available for exchange, diffusion resistance, conc gradient
Where is capillary density at its highest?
Metabolically active tissues
What are the factors that determine the O2 conc gradient?
Rate of blood flow, rate of use by tissue
What is the rate of blood flow known as?
Perfusion rate
At rest where is blood flow the highest?
Gut: 1.4L
At max flow where is blood flow the highest?
Muscle: 16L
What is cardiac output for an average 70Kg person at rest vs max flow?
Rest: 5L, max flow: 25L
Where is the apex of the heart located?
5th intercostal space, midclavicular line
What sac surrounds the heart?
Pericardial sac
How many layers is the pericardial sac and what are they?
3: fibrous layer, partial, visceral
What is the pericardial sac attached to inferiorly and superiorly?
Inferiorly: diaphragm. Superiorly: greater vessels
What is the phrenic nerve?
originates in neck (C3-C5) passes down between lung/heart to diaphragm: important for breathing, passes motor information to diaphragm and receives sensory info from it
What is the space between the pericardial parietal and visceral layer called?
pericardial space